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Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine

RDX
RDX.svg
RDX 3D BallStick.png
RDX crystal.jpg
RDX crystal
Names
IUPAC name
1,3,5-Trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine
Other names
RDX
cyclonite, hexogen
1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane
1,3,5-Trinitrohexahydro-s-triazine
Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine
Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-s-triazine
Trimethylenetrinitramine
Identifiers
3D model (Jmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.004.092
PubChem CID
UN number 0072, 0391, 0483
Properties
C3H6N6O6
Molar mass 222.12 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless or yellowish crystals
Density 1.82 g/cm3
Melting point 205.5 °C (401.9 °F; 478.6 K)
Boiling point 234 °C (453 °F; 507 K)
insoluble
Explosive data
Shock sensitivity Low
Friction sensitivity Low
Detonation velocity 8750 m/s
RE factor 1.60
Hazards
Main hazards Explosive, detonates on contact with mercury fulminate
Flash point Explosive
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)
none
REL (Recommended)
TWA 1.5 mg/m3 ST 3 mg/m3 [skin]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
N.D.
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
YesY  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

RDX is the organic compound with the formula (O2NNCH2)3. It is a white solid widely used as an explosive. Chemically, it is classified as a nitramide, chemically similar to HMX. A more energetic explosive than TNT, it was used widely in World War II.

It is often used in mixtures with other explosives and plasticizers or phlegmatizers (desensitizers). RDX is stable in storage and is considered one of the most energetic and brisant of the military high explosives.

RDX is also known, but less commonly, as cyclonite, hexogen (particularly in Russian, German and German-influenced languages), T4 and chemically as cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine. In the 1930s, the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, started investigating cyclonite to use against German U-boats that were being built with thicker hulls. The goal was an explosive more energetic than TNT. For security reasons, Britain termed cyclonite as "Research Department Explosive" (R.D.X.). The term RDX appeared in the United States in 1946. The first public reference in the United Kingdom to the name RDX, or R.D.X. to use the official title, appeared in 1948; its authors were the Managing Chemist, ROF Bridgwater, the Chemical Research and Development Department, Woolwich, and the Director of Royal Ordnance Factories, Explosives; again, it was referred to as simply RDX.

RDX was widely used during World War II, often in explosive mixtures with TNT such as Torpex, Composition B, Cyclotols, and H6. RDX was used in one of the first plastic explosives. The bouncing bomb depth charges used in the "Dambusters Raid" each contained 6,600 pounds (3,000 kg) of Torpex. RDX is believed to have been used in many bomb plots including terrorist plots.


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