Cyclopentyl
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| Names | |||
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IUPAC name
Cyclopentane
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| Other names
pentamethylene
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| Identifiers | |||
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3D model (JSmol)
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| ChEBI | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.005.470 | ||
| EC Number | 206-016-6 | ||
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PubChem CID
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| RTECS number | GY2390000 | ||
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| Properties | |||
| C5H10 | |||
| Molar mass | 70.1 g/mol | ||
| Appearance | clear, colorless liquid | ||
| Odor | mild, sweet | ||
| Density | 0.751 g/cm3 | ||
| Melting point | −93.9 °C (−137.0 °F; 179.2 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 49.2 °C (120.6 °F; 322.3 K) | ||
| 156 mg·l−1 (25 °C) | |||
| Solubility | soluble in ethanol, acetone, ether | ||
| Vapor pressure | 400 mmHg (31 °C) | ||
| Acidity (pKa) | ~45 | ||
| -59.18·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
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Refractive index (nD)
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1.4065 | ||
| Hazards | |||
| Main hazards | Flammable | ||
| NFPA 704 | |||
| Flash point | −37.2 °C (−35.0 °F; 236.0 K) | ||
| 361 °C (682 °F; 634 K) | |||
| Explosive limits | 1.1%-8.7% | ||
| US health exposure limits (NIOSH): | |||
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PEL (Permissible)
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none | ||
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REL (Recommended)
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TWA 600 ppm (1720 mg/m3) | ||
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IDLH (Immediate danger)
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N.D. | ||
| Related compounds | |||
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Related compounds
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cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclohexane | ||
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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| Infobox references | |||
Cyclopentane is a highly flammable alicyclic hydrocarbon with chemical formula C5H10 and CAS number 287-92-3, consisting of a ring of five carbon atoms each bonded with two hydrogen atoms above and below the plane. It occurs as a colorless liquid with a petrol-like odor. Its melting point is −94 °C and its boiling point is 49 °C. Cyclopentane is in the class of cycloalkanes, being alkanes that have one or more rings of carbon atoms.
It is formed by cracking cyclohexane in the presence of alumina at a high temperature and pressure.
It was first prepared in 1893 by the German chemist Johannes Wislicenus.
Cyclopentane is used in the manufacture of synthetic resins and rubber adhesives and also as a blowing agent in the manufacture of polyurethane insulating foam, as found in many domestic appliances such as refrigerators and freezers, replacing environmentally damaging alternatives such as CFC-11 and HCFC-141b
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