Cusco, Peru
| Cusco | ||
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| Cuzco (Spanish) Qusqu / Qosqo (Quechua) |
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Top: Plaza de Armas, Middle left: Qurikancha, Middle right: Aerial view of Cusco, Bottom left: Saksaywaman, Bottom right: Cathedral of Cusco
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| Nickname(s): La Ciudad Imperial (The Imperial City) | ||
 Districts of Cusco |
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 Cusco
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| Coordinates: 13°31′30″S 71°58′20″W / 13.52500°S 71.97222°WCoordinates: 13°31′30″S 71°58′20″W / 13.52500°S 71.97222°W | ||
| Country |
 Peru |
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| Region | Cusco | |
| Province | Cusco | |
| Founded | 1100 | |
| Government | ||
| • Type | City | |
| • Mayor | Luis Flórez | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 385.1 km2 (148.7 sq mi) | |
| Elevation | 3,399 m (11,152 ft) | |
| Population 2013 | ||
| • Total | 435,114 | |
| • Estimate (2015) | 427,218 | |
| • Density | 1,100/km2 (2,900/sq mi) | |
| Demonym(s) | cuzqueño/a | |
| Time zone | PET (UTC-5) | |
| • Summer (DST) | PET (UTC-5) | |
| Area code(s) | 84 | |
| Website | www.municusco.gob.pe | |
| Official name | City of Cuzco | |
| Type | Cultural | |
| Criteria | iii, iv | |
| Designated | 1983 (7th session) | |
| Reference no. | 273 | |
| State Party |
Peru |
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| Region | Latin America and the Caribbean | |
Cuzco (/ˈkuːskoʊ/), often spelled Cusco (Spanish: Cuzco, [ˈkusko]; Quechua: Qusqu or Qosqo, IPA: [ˈqɔsqɔ]), is a city in southeastern Peru, near the Urubamba Valley of the Andes mountain range. It is the capital of the Cusco Region as well as the Cusco Province. In 2013, the city had a population of 435,114. Located on the eastern end of the Knot of Cuzco, its elevation is around 3,400 m (11,200 ft).
The site was the historic capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th-century Spanish conquest. In 1983 Cusco was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. It has become a major tourist destination, hosting nearly 2 million visitors a year. The Constitution of Peru designates it as the Historical Capital of Peru.
The indigenous name of this city is Qusqu. Although the name was used in Quechua, its origin is found in the Aymara language. The word is derived from the phrase qusqu wanka ('Rock of the owl'), related to the city's foundation myth of the Ayar Siblings. According to this legend, Ayar Awqa (Ayar Auca) acquired wings and flew to the site of the future city; there he was transformed into a rock to mark the possession of the land by his ayllu ("lineage").
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