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Cottaer Spitzberg

Cottaer Spitzberg
Cottaer Spitzberg (1) 2006-03.jpg
View of the Cottaer Spitzberg from the northeast
Highest point
Elevation 390.8 m above sea level (HN) (1,282 ft)
Coordinates 50°53′56″N 13°58′12″E / 50.89889°N 13.97°E / 50.89889; 13.97Coordinates: 50°53′56″N 13°58′12″E / 50.89889°N 13.97°E / 50.89889; 13.97
Geography
Cottaer Spitzberg is located in Saxony
Cottaer Spitzberg
Cottaer Spitzberg
Parent range Saxon Switzerland
Geology
Mountain type Trachyte-basalt
cone mountain

The Cottaer Spitzberg is a 390.8 m high basalt dome on the western edge of Saxon Switzerland. Since 1979 the hill has been a protected area due to its geological and botanical features.

The hill, which was once also known Cottaer Spitze, is located on the plateau between the valleys of the Gottleuba to the east and the Bahre to the west. It rises above the village of Cotta at its northern foot as well as the local area by at least 70 metres and forms a clear landmark in the countryside.

The Cottaer Spitzberg was formed as a result of the Tertiary breakthrough of basalt through the Cretaceous sandstone sediments of the Elbe Sandstone Mountains. In geological region that is composed largely of sandstone, granite and gneiss the hill is very much a geological exception.

The hill is one of a line of volcanic inselbergs of which the Stolpener Burgberg, the Wilisch and the Geising are the best-known. On the rocky summit of the Spitzberg, the grey and black columns of the trachyte basalt are exposed. They are each around 30 centimetres thick, rising almost vertically and were intensively quarried in the 19th century by a quarry company. Only a remnant of the summit remains, because a triangulation column of the central European meridian arc and Saxon State Survey Office had been erected on it in 1865.

The Cottaer Spitzberg is also a significant area for botany, although the quarry has reduced the variety of local plants. Species like the Sword-leaved Helleborine, the Large Pink or the Bristly Bellflower are amongst the species that used to grow here but no longer occur. In spite of that the Spitzberg continues to be a botanically interesting habitat. On the northern side there is an oak and hornbeam wood (including Small-leaved Lime, Norway Maple, Sycamore Maple and Ash) interspersed with species like the lungworts. In addition the sun-exposed hill is also home to several warmth-loving plants like the Crown Vetch and the Hoary Cinquefoil.


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Wikipedia

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