Constitución, Buenos Aires

Constitución
Barrio
Constitución and the Church of the Immaculate Conception of Mary
Location of Constitución within Buenos Aires
Country	Argentina
Autonomous City	Buenos Aires
Comuna	C1
Area
• Total	2.1 km2 (0.8 sq mi)
Population (2001)
• Total	45,860
• Density	22,000/km2 (57,000/sq mi)
Time zone	ART (UTC-3)

Constitución is a barrio or neighborhood of Buenos Aires, Argentina, approximately two kilometers south of downtown.

The borough is centered on Constitución Station and the square of the same name and can be reached by subway, by bus (notably Colectivo 60) and enjoys easy access by car via 9 de Julio, San Juan and Caseros Avenues, as well as the 25 de Mayo toll road.

The area, on the outskirts of Buenos Aires in colonial times, was granted a parish in 1769 and incorporated into the city in 1777. Home to an important mission of Bethlehemites, they maintained a convalescent clinic there until their papal suppression in 1821. The area then became home to a large farmer's market and its relative elevation began attracting development. The market was renamed in honor of the recently promulgated Argentine Constitution in 1856 and the neighborhood, long centered on the market, soon acquired the name.

Work began in 1864 on the Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway led the opening of a station at the market and with it, the rapid growth of the area as an immigrants' quarter. Groundbreaking for a new railway terminal in 1885 was accompanied by the razing of the market in favor of Constitución Plaza. A non-profit clinic opened by the Anglican Reverend Barton Lodge in 1844 became the British Hospital in 1887 (still the borough's largest). The neighborhood was subsequently home to Hipólito Yrigoyen, a co-founder of the centrist Radical Civic Union in 1891 who tirelessly campaigned for and, in 1912, won the right to universal (male) suffrage in Argentina and the secret ballot. Elected president in 1916, his Constitución home was ransacked during a coup against him in 1930.