Cobalt(II) sulfate

Cobalt(II) sulfate

Names
IUPAC name Cobalt(II) sulfate
Identifiers
CAS Number	10124-43-3 Y 13455-64-0 (monohydrate) N 10026-24-1 (heptahydrate) N
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:53470 Y
ChemSpider	23338 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.291
EC Number	233-334-2
PubChem	24965
RTECS number	GG3100000 (anhydrous) GG3200000 (heptahydrate)
UNII	H7965X29HX Y
InChI InChI=1S/Co.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2 Y Key: KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L Y InChI=1/Co.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2 Key: KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-NUQVWONBAJ
SMILES [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O
Properties
Chemical formula	CoSO4∙(H2O)7
Molar mass	154.996 g/mol (anhydrous) 173.01 g/mol (monohydrate) 263.08 g/mol (hexahydrate) 281.103 g/mol (heptahydrate)
Appearance	reddish crystalline (anhydrous, monohydrate) pink salt (hexahydrate)
Odor	odorless (heptahydrate)
Density	3.71 g/cm3 (anhydrous) 3.075 g/cm3 (monohydrate) 2.019 g/cm3 (hexahydrate) 1.948 g/cm3 (heptahydrate)
Melting point	735 °C (1,355 °F; 1,008 K)
Solubility in water	anhydrous: 36.2 g/100 mL (20 °C) 38.3 g/100 mL (25 °C) 84 g/100 mL (100 °C) heptahydrate: 60.4 g/100 mL (3 °C) 67 g/100 mL (70 °C)
Solubility	anhydrous: 1.04 g/100 mL (methanol, 18 °C) insoluble in ammonia heptahydrate: 54.5 g/100 mL (methanol, 18 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	+10,000·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.639 (monohydrate) 1.540 (hexahydrate) 1.483 (heptahydrate)
Structure
Crystal structure	orthorhombic (anhydrous) monoclinic (monohydrate, heptahydrate)
Hazards
Safety data sheet	JT Baker MSDS
EU classification (DSD)	Carc. Cat. 2 Muta. Cat. 3 Repr. Cat. 2 Toxic (T) Dangerous for the environment (N)
R-phrases	R49, R60, R22, R42/43, R68, R50/53
S-phrases	S53, S45, S60, S61
NFPA 704	0 2 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	424 mg/kg (oral, rat)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Cobalt(II) sulfate is any of the inorganic compounds with the formula CoSO₄(H₂O)_x. Usually cobalt sulfate refers to the hydrate CoSO₄^.7H₂O, which is one of the most commonly available salts of cobalt.

Cobalt(II) sulfate heptahydrate appears as red monoclinic crystals that liquify around 100 °C and become anhydrous at 250 °C. It is soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, and especially soluble in methanol. The salts are paramagnetic.

It forms by the reaction of metallic cobalt, its oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate with aqueous sulfuric acid.

The hexahydrate is a metal aquo complex consisting of octahedral [Co(H₂O)₆]²⁺ ions associated with sulfate anions.

Cobalt is obtained from ores via the sulfate in many cases.

Hydrated cobalt(II) sulfate is used in the preparation of pigments, as well as in the manufacture of other cobalt salts. Cobalt pigment is used in porcelains and glass. Cobalt(II) sulfate is used in storage batteries and electroplating baths, sympathetic inks, and as an additive to soils and animal feeds. For these purposes, the cobalt sulfate is produced by treating cobalt oxide with sulfuric acid.

Cobalt is essential for most higher forms of life, but more than a few milligrams each day is harmful. Rarely have poisonings resulted from cobalt compounds. Upon inhalation of salts, there is some evidence for carcinogenicity.