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Cobalt(II) fluoride

Cobalt(II) fluoride
Fluorid kobaltnatý.PNG
Cobalt(II)-fluoride-unit-cell-3D-balls.png
Names
IUPAC name
Cobalt(II) fluoride
Other names
cobalt difluoride
Identifiers
3D model (Jmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.030.044
EC Number 233-061-9
PubChem CID
RTECS number GG0770000
UNII
Properties
CoF2
Molar mass 96.93 g/mol
Appearance Red crystalline solid
Density 4.46 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
2.22 g/cm3 (tetrahydrate)
Melting point 1,217 °C (2,223 °F; 1,490 K)
Boiling point 1,400 °C (2,550 °F; 1,670 K)
1.4 g/100 mL (25 °C)
Solubility soluble in HF
insoluble in alcohol, ether, benzene
+9490.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
tetragonal (a,hydrous)
orthorhombic (tetrahydrate)
Hazards
NFPA 704
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g., water Health code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g., chlorine gas Reactivity code 2: Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water. E.g., phosphorus Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)
 oral (rat): 150 mg/kg
Related compounds
Other anions
cobalt(II) oxide, cobalt(II) chloride
Other cations
iron(II) fluoride, nickel(II) fluoride
Related compounds
 cobalt trifluoride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Cobalt(II) fluoride is a chemical compound with the formula (CoF2). It is a pink crystalline solid compound which is antiferromagnetic at low temperatures (TN=37.7 K) The formula is given for both the red tetragonal crystal, (CoF2), and the tetrahydrate red orthogonal crystal, (CoF2·4H2O). CoF2 is used in oxygen-sensitive fields, namely metal production. In low concentrations, it has public health uses. CoF2 is sparingly soluble in water. The compound can be dissolved in warm mineral acid, and will decompose in boiling water. Yet the hydrate is water-soluble, especially the di-hydrate CoF2·2H2 O and tri-hydrate CoF2·3H2O forms of the compound. The hydrate will also decompose with heat.

Cobalt(II) fluoride can be prepared from anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride or cobalt(II) oxide in a stream of hydrogen fluoride:

It is produced in the reaction of cobalt (III) fluoride with water.

The tetrahydrate cobalt(II) fluoride is formed by dissolving cobalt(II) in hydrofluoric acid. The anhydrous fluoride can be extracted from this by dehydration. Other synthesis can occur at higher temperatures. It has been shown that at 500 °C fluorine will combine with cobalt producing a mixture of CoF2 and CoF3.

Cobalt(II) fluoride can be used as a catalyst to alloy metals. It is also used for optical deposition, of which it tremendously improves optical quality. Cobalt(II) fluoride is available in most volumes in an ultra high purity composition. High purity compositions improve optical qualities and its usefulness as a standard. The compound may be used in dental care, since fluoride is also used in dental care.

To analyze this compound, Cobalt (II) fluoride can be dissolved in nitric acid. The solution is then diluted with water until appropriate concentration for AA or ICP spectrophotometry for the cobalt. A small amount of salt can be dissolved in cold water and analyzed for fluoride ion by a fluoride ion-selective electrode or ion chromatography.

CoF2 is a weak Lewis acid. Cobalt(II) complexes are usually octahedral or tetrahedral. As a 19-electron species it is a good reducing agent, fairly oxidizable into an 18-electron compound. Cobalt(II) fluoride can be reduced by hydrogen at a 300 °C.


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