Coat of arms of Romania
| Coat of arms of Romania | |
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| Details | |
| Armiger | România |
| Adopted | 10 September 1992 |
| Escutcheon | Azure, a crowned eagle displayed Or beaked and membered Gules holding in its beak an Orthodox Cross Or, in its dexter talon a sword, and in its sinister talon a sceptre Argent, and bearing on its breast an escutcheon quarterly: I, Azure, an eagle displayed Or beaked and membered Gules holding in its beak an Orthodox Cross Or, in dexter chief a sun in splendour and in sinister chief an increscent of the last (for Wallachia); II, gules, a bull's head caboshed Argent, in dexter base a rose, in sinister base a decrescent Argent, and between the bull's horns a mullet Or (for Moldavia); III, Gules, issuant from water in base Azure a bridge of two arches embattled throughout, thereon a lion rampant Or brandishing a sabre proper (for Oltenia and Banat); IV, Per fess Azure and Or, a bar Gules issuant therefrom an eagle displayed between in sinister chief a decrescent Argent and in dexter chief a sun in splendour Or; in base seven castles Gules (for Transylvania); Entée en point, Azure, two dolphins urinant respectant Or (for Dobruja) |
| Earlier versions | 1922-1947, the Kingdom of Romania |
| Use | On the national currency, in classrooms, in the Parliament, on state buildings, on passports, on ID cards, in the header of the official documents (including diplomas) |
The coat of arms of Romania was adopted in the Romanian Parliament on 10 September 1992 as a representative coat of arms for Romania. It is based on the Lesser Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Romania (used between 1922 and 1947), redesigned by Victor Dima. As a central element it shows a golden aquila holding a cross in its beak and a mace and a sword in its claws. It also consists of the three colors: red, yellow, and blue, which represent the colors of the national flag. The coat of arms was augmented on 11 July 2016 to add a representation of the Steel Crown of Romania.
The idea behind the design of the coat of arms of Romania dates since 1859, when the two Romanian countries, Wallachia and Moldavia, united under Prince Alexandru Ioan Cuza. Then the two heraldic symbols, the golden aquila and the aurochs, were officially juxtaposed.
Until 1866 there were many variants of the coat of arms, regarding the background color and the number of times the two main elements where represented. In 1866, after Carol I was elected Prince of Romania, the shield was divided into quarters: in the first and fourth an eagle was depicted, and in the second and third the aurochs; above the shield the coat of arms of the reigning Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen Family was placed. After 1872, the coat of arms included the symbol of southern Bessarabia (after 1877, of Dobruja), two dolphins in the fourth quarter, and the one of Oltenia, a golden lion, in the third quarter; on the shield the Steel Crown was placed, as a symbol of sovereignty and independence, after the Romanian War of Independence.
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