Cleopatra V
| Cleopatra V of Egypt | |
|---|---|
| Cleopatra V Tryphaena | |
| Queen from the Ptolemaic Dynasty of Egypt | |
| Reign | with uncle-husband Ptolemy XII and daughter Berenice IV |
| Predecessor | Ptolemy XII Auletes (uncle/cousin-husband) |
| Successor | Berenice IV (daughter) |
| Consort | Ptolemy XII Auletes (uncle and cousin) |
| Children |
Cleopatra Tryphaena (possibly) Berenice IV Cleopatra VII Arsinoe IV Ptolemy XIII Ptolemy XIV |
| Father | Ptolemy IX Lathyros |
| Mother | Cleopatra Selene I |
| Born | c. 95 BC |
| Died | c. 69/68 BC or c. 57 BC |
Cleopatra V Tryphaena of Egypt (Greek: Κλεοπάτρα Τρύφαινα, born c. 95 BC, died c. 69/68 BC or c. 57 BC) was a Ptolemaic Queen of Egypt. She is the only surely attested wife of Ptolemy XII.
Cleopatra may have been an illegitimate daughter of Ptolemy IX or the daughter of Ptolemy X Alexander I by his wives - Cleopatra Selene I or Berenice III. In some sources Cleopatra Tryphaena, wife of Ptolemy XII, is referred to as Cleopatra VI.
She is first mentioned in 79 BC in two papyri. In that year she married Ptolemy XII, king of Egypt. Ptolemy XII was an illegitimate child of Ptolemy IX, but it is unclear if he and Cleopatra Tryphaena were full siblings or not. They received divine worship as theoí Philopátores kai Philádelphoi (father-, brother- and sister-loving gods).
It is unclear how long Cleopatra V lived, and with which mentions of Cleopatra Tryphaena in the historical record she should be identified, as the numbering used to distinguish the Ptolemies is a modern invention. Cleopatra Tryphaena V vanished around the time Cleopatra VII was born (69 BC): her name begins to disappear from monuments and papyri, and there is an inscription of Ptolemy XII from 68 BC that does not mention her but would be expected to do so had she still been alive. There is some indication that she may have died in 69 or 68 BC — she may have died in childbirth or was murdered. Should she really have died that early, then the Cleopatra Tryphaena who is mentioned — after the expulsion of Ptolemy XII — as co-ruler of Egypt (together with Berenice IV) in 58 and 57 BC, and died around 57 BC, must be her daughter, numbered by some historians as Cleopatra VI Tryphaena. This is also supported by Porphyry.
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