Claude, Duke of Guise
| Claude de Lorraine | |
|---|---|
| Duc de Guise | |
Portrait of Claude, Duke of Guise by Jean Clouet
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| Spouse(s) |
Antoinette de Bourbon (m. 1513–50; his death) |
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Issue
Marie, Queen consort of Scotland
Francis, Duke of Guise Renée, Abbess of St. Pierre Charles Archbishop of Reims Claude, Duke of Aumale Louis I, Cardinal of Guise Antoinette, Abbess of Faremoutier Francis, Grand Prior of the Order of Malta René, Marquis of Elbeuf |
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| Noble family | House of Lorraine |
| Father | René II, Duke of Lorraine |
| Mother | Philippa of Guelders |
| Born |
20 October 1496 Château de Condé-sur-Moselle |
| Died | 12 April 1550 (aged 53) Château de Joinville |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
Claude de Lorraine, duc de Guise (20 October 1496, Château de Condé-sur-Moselle, – 12 April 1550, Château de Joinville) was a French aristocrat and general. He became the first Duke of Guise in 1528.
He was the second son of René II, Duke of Lorraine, and Philippa of Guelders. He was educated at the French court of Francis I. At seventeen, Claude made an alliance to the royal house of France by a marriage with Antoinette de Bourbon (1493–1583), daughter of François, Count of Vendôme.
Claude distinguished himself at the Battle of Marignano (1515), and was long in recovering from the twenty-two wounds he received in the battle. In 1521, he fought at Fuenterrabia, and Louise of Savoy ascribed the capture of the place to his efforts. In 1523, he became governor of Champagne and Burgundy, after defeating at Neufchâteau the imperial troops who had invaded this province. In 1525, he destroyed the Anabaptist peasant army, which was overrunning Lorraine at Lupstein, near Saverne (Zabern). On the return of Francis I from captivity in 1528, Claude was made Duke of Guise in the peerage of France, though up to this time only princes of the royal house had held the title of duke and peer of France. The Guises, as cadets of the sovereign House of Lorraine and descendants of the Capetian House of Anjou, claimed precedence over the Bourbon princes of Condé and Conti.
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