Clarence Islands
| Geography | |
|---|---|
| Location | Northern Canada |
| Coordinates | 69°55′00″N 097°19′59″W / 69.91667°N 97.33306°WCoordinates: 69°55′00″N 097°19′59″W / 69.91667°N 97.33306°W |
| Archipelago | Canadian Arctic Archipelago |
| Area | 55 km2 (21 sq mi) |
| Administration | |
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Canada
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| Territory | Nunavut |
| Region | Kitikmeot |
The Clarence Islands are a Canadian Arctic island group in the Nunavut Territory. The islands lie in the James Ross Strait, 16 kilometres (10 miles) east of Cape Felix, off the northeast coast of King William Island. They are about 40 km (25 mi) west of Kent Bay on the Boothia Peninsula, and about 40 km (25 mi) northwest of the Tennent Islands.
Captain (Sir) John Ross commanded the Victory during his second Arctic exploration (1829—1833), partly in order to regain credibility after charting a fictional landform, Croker Mountains, during his first Arctic expedition. He chose his nephew, Commander James Clark Ross, to be second in command.
In 1830, while exploring within the Ross Strait, James Ross charted three islands. He named the group "Beaufort Islands" after Capt. Francis Beaufort, hydrographer of the Admiralty, and named the individual islands Adolphus Island, Frederick Island, and Augustus Island, these also being the names of three sons of the Duke of Clarence. John Ross did not see the "Beaufort Islands".
Upon returning to England in 1833, the expedition's members learned that the Duke of Clarence had ascended to the throne in 1830, becoming King William IV. John Ross reviewed his expedition's chart book with Capt. Beaufort and with the new king. With the notation "changed by His Majesty's command" included, John Ross made changes to the chart: he added six islands and three capes, all with royal Clarence and Fitz-Clarence family names (including Munster Island, Falkland Island, Erskine Island, Fox Island, Errol Island, Cape Sophia, Cape Sidney, and Cape Mary), and renamed the island group "Clarence Islands". While as leader of the expedition, John Ross had authority to name newly charted landforms as he wished, he did not receive authority to add fictional landforms to navigation chart books.
Lady Jane Franklin documented in her diary a meeting she had with Capt. Beaufort regarding the controversial chart book changes:
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Wikipedia