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Claiborne Jackson

Claiborne Fox Jackson
Claiborne fox jackson.jpg
15th Governor of Missouri
In office
January 3, 1861 – July 23, 1861
Lieutenant Thomas Caute Reynolds
Preceded by Robert Marcellus Stewart
Succeeded by Hamilton Rowan Gamble
Member of the Missouri House of Representatives
In office
1836 – 1848
Member of the Missouri Senate
In office
1848
Personal details
Born (1806-04-04)April 4, 1806
Fleming County, Kentucky
Died December 6, 1862(1862-12-06) (aged 56)
Little Rock, Arkansas
Cause of death Stomach cancer
Resting place Sappington Cemetery,
Saline County, Missouri
39°01′58″N 93°00′27″W / 39.032778°N 93.0075°W / 39.032778; -93.0075
Nationality American
Political party Democratic
Spouse(s)
  • Jane Breathhitt Sappington
    (m. 1831; d. 1831)
  • Louisa Catherine Sappington
    (m. 1833; d. 1838)
  • Elza Sappington
    (m. 1838–62)
Occupation Merchant, farmer, politician
Military service
Allegiance
Service/branch
Years of service
  • 1832
  • 1861–1862
Rank Union army cpt rank insignia.jpg Captain (1832)
Battles/wars

Black Hawk War
American Civil War


Black Hawk War
American Civil War

Claiborne Fox Jackson (April 4, 1806 – December 6, 1862), also known as C. F. Jackson, was an American politician who was the 15th Governor of Missouri from January 3, 1861, until his deposition on July 23, 1861.

A successful manufacturing chemist, Jackson became heavily involved in the Democratic party and served twelve years in the Missouri House of Representatives, before being elected to the State Senate in 1848. In the run-up to the Civil War, he claimed to be anti-secession, in order to get elected Governor, but was secretly planning a secessionist coup in league with Confederate President Jefferson Davis.

When Union troops in St. Louis jailed the local militia, fighting broke out and Jackson declared Missouri to be a free republic. In July however, the Unionist members of the Missouri State Legislature voted to remove him from office. However, Jackson refused to accept the action as valid. In November 1861, the Confederacy recognised Missouri as its twelfth state, but the Union was increasingly dominant, and Jackson and his colleagues fled south to the Confederate state of Arkansas, pending a new invasion. Before this could happen, Jackson died of stomach cancer at Little Rock.

Claiborne Fox Jackson, son of Dempsey Carroll and Mary Orea "Molly" (née Pickett) Jackson, was born in Fleming County, Kentucky, where his father was a wealthy tobacco farmer and slaveholder. In 1826 Jackson moved with several of his older brothers to Missouri, settling in the Howard County town of Franklin. The Jackson brothers established a successful general mercantile store, where young Claiborne worked until 1832 and the outbreak of hostilities in the Black Hawk War. Claiborne Jackson organized, and was elected captain of, a unit of Howard County volunteers for the conflict. Claiborne Jackson married Jane Breathhitt Sappington, daughter of prominent frontier physician John Sappington, in early 1831 but she died within a few months of the nuptials.


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