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Chort


Chort (Russian: Чёрт, Belarusian and Ukrainian: Чорт, Polish: Czort and Czart, Czech and Slovak: Čert) is considered to be a demon of total evil, with horns, hoofs, skinny tail, and a pig-face in Slavic mythology (demonology). He is the son of the Slavic god Chernobog and the goddess Mara. In Ukraine, he is also known as haspyda, didko, irod, and kutsyi. In folk Christianity, he is considered a minion, or a synonym, of Satan.

Compare to sayings (curses) "tysjača čertej" (Russian) – meaning thousands of demons, "čort poberi" (Russian) – meaning as overtaken by the demon, the saying is often used as an acceptable version of cursing in the Eastern Europe, "čort poputal" (Russian) – meaning mixed up by the demon, "k čertjam" (Russian) – meaning to hell, and many others.

In Turkic (usually neighboring Slavic) folklore its name is Chor (In Turkish and Azerbaijan languages: Çor). In Anatolia known as Chorabash. Chors are spiritual creatures mentioned in the pre-Islamic texts and oral tradition who inhabit an unseen world in dimensions beyond the visible universe of humans. Folk narratives mentions that the Chors are made of fire, but also physical in nature, being able to interact physically with people and objects and likewise be acted upon. Like human beings, the Chor can also be good (Ak-çor "White-Chor"), evil (Kara-çor "Black-Chor"), or neutrally benevolent and hence have freewill like humans and unlike angels. The exorcist are called Çoraman in Anatolia. There are two different kinds of Chura. The one (Archura) that comes from the forest is married to the Orman iyesi. The other one (Bichura) comes from the cellar and she is married to Ev iyesi.

In Czech folk tales, čert is not an evil character per se. It is often trying to tease characters in selling their souls in exchange for something (money, power, completion of a task). This often ends badly for evil or greedy characters, who are tricked into getting useless gifts and then are carried into hell. Other times, čert changes roles from trickster to tricked as he loses a bet against a hero, who outsmarts him, winning his soul back. This way, čert is often tricked to build castle walls in a day, dig fish ponds or even whole river banks, move large stones or create hills and mountains. Sometimes, a positive role of čert is further emphasized, namely in modern or modernized folk tales. Čert is trying to bring evil characters to hell, he often helps or befriends heroes in this process and gives them various magical items and treasures.


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