Chinjusha

In Japan, a chinjusha (鎮守社•鎮社^?, or tutelary shrine) is a Shinto shrine which enshrines a tutelary kami (鎮守神, chinjugami'^?); that is, a patron spirit that protects a given area, village, building or Buddhist temple. The Imperial Palace has its own tutelary shrine dedicated to the 21 guardian gods of Ise Shrine. Tutelary shrines are usually very small, but there is a range in size, and the great Hiyoshi Taisha for example is Enryaku-ji's tutelary shrine. The tutelary shrine of a temple or the complex the two together form are sometimes called a temple-shrine (寺社, jisha^?). If a tutelary shrine is called chinju-dō, it is the tutelary shrine of a Buddhist temple. Even in that case, however, the shrine retains its distinctive architecture.

A chinjugami is the tutelary kami of a specific area or building, as for example a village or Buddhist temple. The term today is a synonym of ujigami (clan's tutelary ancestor) and ubusuna (産土神, lit. native place kami^?), however the three words had originally a different meaning. While the first refers to a clan's ancestor and the second to the tutelary kami of one's birthplace, chinjugami is the tutelary kami of a given place, highly respected and venerated. The concepts were however sufficiently close to fuse together with the passing of time.

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