Chiang Fang-liang
| Faina Chiang Chiang Fang-liang |
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|---|---|
| 蔣方良 Фаина Ипатьевна Вахрева |
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Chiang in 1944
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| First Lady of the Republic of China | |
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In office May 20, 1978 – January 13, 1988 |
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| Preceded by | Liu Chi-chun |
| Succeeded by | Tseng Wen-hui |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
15 May 1916 near Orsha, Vitebsk Governorate, Russian Empire |
| Died | 15 December 2004 Taipei, Taiwan |
| Nationality | Republic of China |
| Spouse(s) | Chiang Ching-kuo |
| Children | Chiang Hsiao-wen, Chiang Hsiao-wu, Chiang Hsiao-yung (son) and Chiang Hsiao-chang (daughter) |
| Occupation | First Lady of the Republic of China |
Faina Chiang Fang-liang (Chinese: 蔣方良; pinyin: Jiǎng Fāngliáng; 15 May 1916 – 15 December 2004) was the wife of President Chiang Ching-kuo and served as First Lady of the Republic of China on Taiwan from 1978 to 1988.
Born Faina Ipat'evna Vakhreva (Russian: Фаина Ипатьевна Вахрева, Belarusian: Фаіна Іпацьеўна Вахрава) near Orsha, Vitebsk Governorate in a Belarusian family of Lithuanian Jewish descent which moved to Yekaterinburg during World War I, she was orphaned at a young age and raised by her older sister Anna. To escape anti-Jewish prejudice, Faina started using Elena as her first name. A member of the Soviet Union's Communist Youth League, Vakhreva, at the age of 16, reported to and worked for Chiang Ching-kuo at the Ural Heavy Machinery Plant. They married two years later on 15 March 1935. Chiang had been exiled to work in Siberia under direction from Stalin after his father, Chiang Kai-shek, had expelled the leftists from the Kuomintang (KMT). The couple's first child, a son originally named Èrik (Эрик) but better known by his Chinese name Hsiao-wen (蔣孝文), was born on December 1935. The couple had a daughter, Hsiao-chang (蔣孝章, born 1938 in Nanchang), and two more sons, Hsiao-wu (蔣孝武, born 1945 in Chongqing) and Hsiao-yung (蔣孝勇, born 1948 in Shanghai). Each of her three younger children were born in different parts of China, reflecting turbulent years as an official of China.
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