Cherokee Nation (19th century)
| Cherokee Nation
ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ |
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| Tsalagihi Ayeli | ||||||||||||||||||
| Autonomous region of the United States. | ||||||||||||||||||
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 Southeastern U.S. and Indian territories, including Cherokee, Creek, and Chickasaw; 1806
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| Languages | Cherokee | |||||||||||||||||
| Government | Autonomous tribal government | |||||||||||||||||
| Principal Chief | ||||||||||||||||||
| • | 1794-1907 | Principal Chief | ||||||||||||||||
| • | 1794-1905 | Tribal Council | ||||||||||||||||
| Historical era | Post-colonial to early 20th century | |||||||||||||||||
| • | Created with the Treaty of Tellico Blockhouse | 7 November 1794 1794 | ||||||||||||||||
| • | New Echota officially designated capital city | 12 November 1825 | ||||||||||||||||
| • | Treaty of New Echota | 29 December 1835 | ||||||||||||||||
| • | Cherokee Trail of Tears | 1838-1839 | ||||||||||||||||
| • | Tahlequah becomes new official capital | 6 September 1839 | ||||||||||||||||
| • | Officially disbanded by US Federal Government | 16 November 1907 1907 | ||||||||||||||||
| Currency | US dollar | |||||||||||||||||
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| Today part of |
 United States-  Oklahoma
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ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ
The Cherokee Nation (ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ, pronounced Tsalagihi Ayeli) from 1794–1907 was a legal, autonomous, tribal government in North America recognized from 1794 to 1907. Often referred to simply as "The Nation" by its inhabitants, it should not be confused with what is known in the 21st century also as the Cherokee Nation.
It consisted of the Cherokee (ᏣᎳᎩ —pronounced Tsalagi or Cha-la-gee) people of the Qualla Boundary and the southeastern United States; those who relocated voluntarily from the southeastern United States to the Indian Territory (circa 1820 —known as the "Old Settlers"); those who were forced by the United States government to relocate (through the Indian Removal Act) by way of the Trail of Tears (1830s); Cherokee Freedmen (freed slaves); as well as many descendants of the Natchez, the Delaware and the Shawnee peoples.
The Cherokee called themselves the Ani-Yun' wiya. In their language this meant "leading" or "principal" people. Before 1794, the Cherokee had no standing national government. The people dwelt in "towns" located in scattered autonomous tribal areas related by kinship throughout the southern Appalachia region. Various leaders were periodically appointed (by mutual consent of the towns) to represent the tribes to French, British and, later, American authorities as was needed. The title this leader carried among the Cherokee was "First Beloved Man" —being the true translation of the title Uku, which the English translated as "chief". The chief's function was to serve as focal point for negotiations with the encroaching Europeans, such as the case of Hanging Maw, who was recognized as chief by the United States government, but not by the majority of Cherokee peoples.
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Wikipedia