Chen Shubao
| Chen Shubao | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Emperor of Chen Dynasty | |
| Born | December 10, 553 |
| Died | December 16, 604 (age 51) |
| Reign | February 20, 582 – February 10, 589 |
| Predecessor | Chen Xu |
| Names | |
| Traditional Chinese | 陳叔寶 |
| Simplified Chinese | 陳叔寶 |
| Pinyin | Chén Shúbǎo |
| Wade–Giles | Chen Shupao |
| Courtesy name | Yuanxiu |
| Posthumous name | Yáng (煬, "slothful") (short) Duke Yáng of Chángchéng (長城煬公) (full) |
| Era names | Zhìdé (至德) 583-586 Zhēnmíng (禎明) 587-589 |
| Other names | Huangnu |
Chen Shubao (Chinese: 陳叔寶; 553–604), also known as Houzhu of Chen (陳後主, literally "Chen's final lord"), posthumous name Duke Yang of Changcheng (長城煬公), courtesy name Yuanxiu (元秀), nickname Huangnu (黃奴), was the last emperor of the Chinese Chen Dynasty. At the time of his ascension, Chen was already facing military pressure by Sui Dynasty on multiple fronts, and, according to traditional historians, Chen Shubao was an incompetent ruler who was more interested in literature and women than in the affairs of the state. In 589, Sui forces captured his capital Jiankang and seized him, ending Chen and unifying China after nearly three centuries of division, which started during the reign of Emperor Hui of Jin. He was taken to the Sui capital Chang'an, where he was treated kindly by Emperor Wen of Sui until his death in 604, during the reign of Emperor Wen's son Emperor Yang of Sui.
Chen Shubao was born in 553, when his father Chen Xu was serving as a mid-level official under Emperor Yuan of Liang at Emperor Yuan's capital Jiangling. His mother was Chen Xu's second wife Liu Jingyan, and he was Chen Xu's oldest son.
In 554, Western Wei attacked Jiangling and captured it, executing Emperor Yuan. Emperor Yuan's nephew Xiao Cha was created the Emperor of Liang and given Jiangling as his capital, but a large segment of Jiangling's population and Emperor Yuan's officials, including Chen Xu and Chen Xu's cousin Chen Chang, were taken to the Western Wei capital Chang'an. For reasons lost to history, Lady Liu and Chen Shubao were not taken to Chang'an, but left at Rangcheng (穰城, in modern Nanyang, Henan).
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