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Charlemange

Charlemagne
Charlemagne denier Mayence 812 814.jpg
A denarius of Charlemagne dated c. 812–814 with the inscription KAROLVS IMP AVG (Karolus Imperator Augustus) (Latin)
Holy Roman Emperor
Reign 25 December 800 – 28 January 814
Coronation 25 December 800
Old St. Peter's Basilica, Rome
Predecessor
Successor Louis the Pious
King of the Lombards
Reign 10 July 774 – 28 January 814
Coronation 10 July 774
Pavia
Predecessor Desiderius
Successor Louis the Pious
King of the Franks
Reign 9 October 768 – 28 January 814
Coronation 9 October 768
Noyon
Predecessor Pepin the Short
Successor Louis the Pious
Born 2 April 742
Frankish Kingdom
Died 28 January 814 (aged 71)
Aachen, Francia (Germany)
Burial Aachen Cathedral
Spouse
Issue
Among others
Dynasty Carolingian
Father Pepin the Short
Mother Bertrada of Laon
Religion Roman Catholicism
Signum manus
External video
Charlemagne at dinner - British Library Royal MS 15 E vi f155r (detail).jpg
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000: Charlemagne, 46:14, YaleCourses on YouTube, Yale University
Charlemagne: An Introduction, Smarthistory, 7:49, Khan Academy

Charlemagne (/ˈʃɑːrlmn/) or Charles the Great (2 April 742/747/748 – 28 January 814), numbered Charles I, was the King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774 and Emperor of the Romans from 800. He united much of Europe during the early Middle Ages. He was the first recognised emperor in western Europe since the fall of the Western Roman Empire three centuries earlier. The expanded Frankish state that Charlemagne founded was called the Carolingian Empire.

Charlemagne was the oldest son of Pepin the Short and Bertrada of Laon. He became king in 768 following his father's death, initially as co-ruler with his brother Carloman I. Carloman's sudden death in 771 in unexplained circumstances left Charlemagne as the undisputed ruler of the Frankish Kingdom. He continued his father's policy towards the papacy and became its protector, removing the Lombards from power in northern Italy and leading an incursion into Muslim Spain. He campaigned against the Saxons to his east, Christianising them upon penalty of death and leading to events such as the Massacre of Verden. Charlemagne reached the height of his power in 800 when he was crowned Emperor of the Romans by Pope Leo III on Christmas Day at Old St. Peter's Basilica.


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