Chang Myon
| Chang Myon 장면 張勉 |
|
|---|---|
 |
|
| Prime Minister of South Korea | |
|
In office November 23, 1950 – April 24, 1952 |
|
| President | Syngman Rhee |
| Preceded by | Shin Song-mo |
| Succeeded by | Ho Chong (Acting) |
|
In office August 18, 1960 – May 18, 1961 |
|
| President | Yun Posun |
| Preceded by | Ho Chong |
| Succeeded by | Jang Do-young |
| Vice President of South Korea | |
|
In office May 30, 1956 – April 24, 1960 |
|
| President | Syngman Rhee |
| Preceded by | Ham Tae-young |
| Succeeded by | Office abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
August 28, 1899 Jeokseon-dong, Jongno-gu |
| Died | June 4, 1966 (aged 66) Seoul, South Korea |
| Political party | Democratic Party |
| Spouse(s) | Kim Ok-yun |
| Alma mater | Manhattan College |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
| Signature |  |
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 장면 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Jang Myeon |
| McCune–Reischauer | Chang Myŏn |
| Pen name | |
| Hangul | 운석 |
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Unseok |
| McCune–Reischauer | Unsŏk |
Chang Myon (hangul:장면; hanja:張勉; August 28, 1899 – June 4, 1966) was a South Korean statesman, educator, diplomat, journalist and social activist as well as a Roman Catholic youth activist. He was the fourth and the last Vice President of the First Republic and the Prime Minister of the Second Republic. His styled name (ho) was Unseok (운석, 雲石). His English name was John Chang Myon (baptismal name, surname, given name).
Under the Japanese rule, Chang worked as a teacher. From 1919 - 21, he taught at Yongsan Youth Catholic Theology School and from 1931 - 36 at Dongsung Commerce High School. From 1937 - 44, he was principal of Hyehwa Kindergarten of the Hyehwa-dong Catholic Church. From 1936 - 45, he was principal of Dongsung Commerce High School.
In 1948, he led the delegation of the Republic of Korea to the UN General Assembly. In 1949, he became the first ambassador of the Republic of Korea to the United States. In 1950, he successfully appealed to the United States and the UN to send troops to assist in the Korean War. On November 23, 1950, he was appointed the second prime minister of the First Republic of Korea. From 1956 to 1960, he served as the fourth vice president of the First Republic of Korea.
When Syngman Rhee's government was ousted by the student-led pro-democracy uprising of April 19 Movement, he was elected the Prime Minister of the Second Republic in 1960. After the country adopted a parliamentary democracy in response to Rhee's abuse of presidential power, Chang became the head of government. Chang Myon's government ended when Park Chung-hee led a successful military coup on May 16, 1961, which marked the end of the Second Republic and the nation’s brief experimentation with the cabinet form of government.
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