Chandra Gupta Maurya

Chandragupta Maurya
A statue depicting Chandragupta Maurya, Laxminarayan Temple
1st Mauryan emperor
Reign	c. 321 – c. 297 BCE
Successor	Bindusara (son)
Born	unknown unknown
Died	297 BC Shravanabelagola, Karnataka (Jain legend)
Spouse	Durdhara and a daughter of Seleucus I Nicator
Issue	Bindusara
Dynasty	Maurya
Mother	Mura
Religion	Hinduism or Jainism

Chandragupta Maurya (r. 321 – 297 BCE), also called Chandragupta or Chandra Gupta, was the founder of the Maurya Empire in ancient India. He was born in a humble family, orphaned and abandoned, raised as a son by another pastoral family, then according to Buddhist texts was picked up, taught and counseled by Brahmin Chanakya of Arthashastra fame. Chandragupta thereafter built one of the largest empires ever in the Indian subcontinent. He then renounced it all, and became a monk in the Jainism tradition. Chandragupta is claimed by the historic Jain texts, as the one who followed Jainism in his life, by first renouncing all his wealth and power, going away with Jaina monks into the Deccan region (now Karnataka), and ultimately performing Sallekhana – the Jain religious ritual of peacefully welcoming death by fasting. His grandson was emperor Ashoka, famous for his historic pillars and for his role in helping spread Buddhism outside of ancient India. Chandragupta's life and accomplishments are described in ancient Hindu, Buddhist and Greek texts, but they vary significantly in details from the Jaina accounts.Megasthenes served as a Greek ambassador in his court for four years. In Greek and Latin accounts, Chandragupta is known as Sandrokottos and Androcottus.

Chandragupta Maurya was a pivotal figure in the history of India. Prior to his consolidation of power, Alexander the Great had invaded the northwest Indian subcontinent, then abandoned further campaign in 324 BCE, leaving a legacy of Indian subcontinent regions ruled by Indo-Greek and local rulers. The region was divided into Mahajanapadas, while the Nanda Empire dominated the Indo-Gangetic Plain. Chandragupta with counsel of Chanakya (also known as Kautilya), created a new empire, applied the state craft principles, built a large army and continued expanding the boundaries of his empire. Indo-Greek rulers such as Seleucus I Nicator avoided war with him, entered into marriage alliances instead, and retreated into Persia. Chandragupta's empire extended from Bengal to most of the Indian subcontinent, except sourthern most regions (now Tamil Nadu, Kerala and nearby) and Kalinga (now Odisha region). It was the largest ancient empire documented in Indian history.