Carlos María Fitz-James Stuart, 16th Duke of Alba

Carlos María Fitz-James Stuart y Palafox, 16th Duke of Alba (December 4, 1849 – October 15, 1901) was a Spanish nobleman.

He was born at Madrid, the only son of Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart, 15th Duke of Alba. His mother was the daughter of , Duke of Peñaranda del Duero, and sister of Eugénie de Montijo, Empress of the French.
During his father's lifetime he was styled Duke of Huescar. On 16 September 1860 he succeeded his mother in all her titles except the Marquisate of the Bañeza and the Viscountcy of Palacios de la Valduerna, and on 10 July 1881 he succeeded to all his father's titles except the Dukedom of Galisteo, which went to his sister Maria de la Asuncíon Rosalia, 18th Duchess of Galisteo. As a result of this inheritance the Duke of Alba was a Grandee of the first class twelve times over. As heir-male of James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick he also claimed the English title of Duke of Berwick, and used the title when staying with Queen Victoria at Balmoral Castle.

He married Maria del Rosario, 22nd Countess of Siruela on 10 December 1877 at Madrid. She was herself a Grandee of the first class, and daughter of Manuel Pascual Luis Carlós Felix Fortunato Falcó, Marquis of Almonazir by his wife Maria del Pilar, 3rd Duchess of Fernan Nuñez. His wife was born at Pau on 3 October 1854 and died at Paris on 27 March 1904.

They had 3 children:

Like his father, he was educated at the Salamanca University and the military school of Paris. He was Spanish Ambassador in Brussels between 1872 and 1878, and in Saint Petersburg until 1885. Between 1887 and 1894 he was Grand Treasurer of Spain and diplomat in Istambul.

The Duke of Alba was also a Senator of the Kingdom, Chamberlain to the Queen Regent Christina, and a Knight of the Golden Fleece. He died from cancer as Spanish Ambassador in the US in New York, aboard Sir Thomas Lipton's yacht, aged 51.

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