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Carlos Ibáñez

Carlos Ibáñez del Campo
Carlos Ibanez.jpg
20th President of Chile
In office
May 10, 1927 – November 15, 1931
Preceded by Emiliano Figueroa
Succeeded by Pedro Opazo
26th President of Chile
In office
November 3, 1952 – November 3, 1958
Preceded by Gabriel González Videla
Succeeded by Jorge Alessandri
Personal details
Born (1877-11-03)November 3, 1877
Linares, Chile
Died April 28, 1960(1960-04-28) (aged 82)
Santiago, Chile
Resting place Cementerio General de Santiago
Santiago, Chile
Political party Independent
Spouse(s) Rosa Quiroz de Ávila
Graciela Letelier Velasco
Religion Roman Catholic
Signature
Military service
Allegiance  Chile
Service/branch Coat of arms of Chile Chilean Army
Rank Lieutenant Colonel

General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo (November 3, 1877 – April 28, 1960) was a Chilean Army officer and political figure. He served as President twice, first between 1927 and 1931, and then from 1952 to 1958, serving for 11 years in office.

The presidency of Arturo Alessandri saw a rise in popular discontent over the inefficient government. In 1924, the Chilean armed forces, led by General Luis Altamirano, began the saber-rattling (ruido de sables), a protest where soldiers banged their sabers against the floor of the Congress. Amid threats from the armed forces, Alessandri decided he could no longer govern and submitted his resignation. Although this resignation was not approved by Congress, Alessandri left the country and Altamirano established a military junta.

However, another faction of the armed forces, led by Colonel Marmaduke Grove and Lieutenant Colonel Ibáñez, decided the junta's reforms did not go far enough in ending the government's inefficiency. They led another coup, deposed Altamirano, and established a new junta with Emilio Bello as head. Ibáñez and Grove, the powers behind the scene, agreed to ask Alessandri to return and complete his term.

Alessandri returned in 1925 and drafted a new constitution which was designed to decrease the powers of the legislature, thereby making government more effective. Ibáñez was named Minister of War and later Home Affairs Minister. However, Alessandri decided Ibáñez was becoming too ambitious, and manyridiculed Alessandri as a pawn of Ibáñez. In response, Alessandri resigned once more and went into exile. Ibáñez announced his candidacy in the upcoming presidential elections, but the three main Chilean political parties (Conservative, Liberal, Radical) pressured him to desist. The three parties then presented a consensus choice, Emiliano Figueroa, to be the sole presidential candidate, in order to avoid political campaigning in the volatile political atmosphere. Nevertheless, Ibáñez's closest adviser, leftist José Santos Salas, later declared his presidential candidacy, and many suspected it was with Ibáñez's backing.


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