Capture of Baghdad (1534)
| Battle of Baghdad (1534) | |||||||||
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| Part of Ottoman–Safavid War (1532–1555) | |||||||||
 Suleiman's conquests in the 1532–55 Ottoman-Safavid war gave him access to the Persian Gulf. |
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Safavid Empire
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 Ottoman Empire
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| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
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Tekkelu Muhammad Sultan Khan (Safavid governor of Baghdad) |
Suleiman the Magnificent
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| Strength | |||||||||
| 300 troops still loyal to the Safavids and the city commander | Deserted Safavid troops and army that Suleiman brought in winter to Baghdad | ||||||||
The 1534 capture of Baghdad by Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire from the Safavid dynasty under Tahmasp I was part the Ottoman–Safavid War of 1532 to 1555, itself part a series of Ottoman–Persian Wars. The city was taken without resistance, the Safavid government having fled and leaving the city undefended.Baghdad's capture was a significant achievement given its mastery of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and their international and regional trade. It represented, along with the fall of Basra in 1546, a significant step towards eventual Ottoman victory and the procurement of the lower Mesopotamia, the mouths of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, opening a trading outlet into the Persian Gulf. The Ottomans wintered there until 1535, overseeing the reconstruction of Sunni and Shia religious shrines and agricultural irrigation projects. Suleiman returned to Constantinople, leaving a strong garrison force. Over the next few decades, the Ottomans solidified their control of the region, incorporating it into their empire until it was recaptured by the Persians in 1623.
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