CD90

THY1
Identifiers
Aliases	THY1, CD90, CDw90, Thy-1 cell surface antigen
External IDs	OMIM: 188230 MGI: 98747 HomoloGene: 4580 GeneCards: THY1
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein binding • enzyme binding • GPI anchor binding • GTPase activator activity • protein kinase binding • integrin binding Cellular component • cytosol • membrane • focal adhesion • growth cone • anchored component of plasma membrane • integral component of plasma membrane • apical plasma membrane • endoplasmic reticulum • anchored component of membrane • extracellular exosome • external side of plasma membrane • membrane raft • anchored component of external side of plasma membrane • dendrite • myelin sheath • extracellular region • plasma membrane • cell surface • axolemma • dendrite membrane • neuronal cell body membrane Biological process • single organismal cell-cell adhesion • negative regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of GTPase activity • protein autophosphorylation • negative regulation of protein kinase activity • cell adhesion • negative regulation of cell migration • focal adhesion assembly • angiogenesis • negative regulation of axonogenesis • cytoskeleton organization • regulation of cell migration • positive regulation of T cell activation • T cell receptor signaling pathway • retinal cone cell development • positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol • C-terminal protein lipidation • regulation of cell-matrix adhesion • positive regulation of cellular extravasation • integrin-mediated signaling pathway • cell-cell signaling • positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion • receptor clustering • positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly • negative regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity • negative regulation of neuron projection regeneration • regulation of Rho-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	7070	21838
Ensembl	ENSG00000154096	ENSMUSG00000032011
UniProt	P04216	P01831
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_006288 NM_001311160 NM_001311162	NM_009382
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001298089 NP_001298091 NP_006279	NP_033408.1 NP_033408
Location (UCSC)	Chr 11: 119.42 – 119.42 Mb	Chr 9: 44.04 – 44.05 Mb
PubMed search

Thy1/CD90

Claim to fame:	Smallest and one of the most conserved members of the immunoglobulin family Lead to the discovery and characterization of GPI anchor lead to the discovery of tissue specific differential glycosylation Most abundant glycoprotein on mouse T cells, with >106 copies/cell, covering ~10–20% of surface. one of the most heavily glycosylated membrane proteins (carbohydrate content ~30%)
Applications:	Very useful specific marker for: Hematopoietic stem cells (FACS gated as Thy1lo) Mesenchymal stem cells Distinction between cells from Thy1.1 and Thy 1.2 mouse strains. Its promoter has been used as a "brain specific" expression promoter for making transgenic mice. Thy1 is a pan T cell antigen in mice. Thy1 antibody injection is the best animal model of glomerulonephritis
Cellular importance:	Arrests axon growth Co-stimulator of T cells Regulates survival/apoptosis tumor suppressor fibrosis modulator
Organismal importance:	knock out of Thy1 shows: impaired cognitive learning from social cues impaired cutaneous immune responses abnormal retinal development
:::Thy1's real physiological functions are still not clearly understood

7070

21838

ENSG00000154096

ENSMUSG00000032011

P04216

P01831

NM_006288
NM_001311160
NM_001311162

NM_009382

NP_001298089
NP_001298091
NP_006279

NP_033408.1
NP_033408

Thy-1 or CD90 (Cluster of Differentiation 90) is a 25–37 kDa heavily N-glycosylated, glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored conserved cell surface protein with a single V-like immunoglobulin domain, originally discovered as a thymocyte antigen. Thy-1 can be used as a marker for a variety of stem cells and for the axonal processes of mature neurons. Structural study of Thy-1 lead to the foundation of the Immunoglobulin superfamily, of which it is the smallest member, and led to some of the initial biochemical description and characterization of a vertebrate GPI anchor and also the first demonstration of tissue specific differential glycosylation.

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