Byambyn Rinchen
| Byambyn Rinchen | |
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Byambyn Rinchen's monument in front of the National Library in Ulaanbaatar
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| Other names | Russian: Бимбаев Ринчин-Доржи Раднажапович or Ринчин Бимбаев (Bimbaev Rinchin-Dorzhi Radnazhapovich or Rinchin Bimbaev) |
Yünsiyebü Byambyn Rinchen (1905–1977) was one of the founders of modern Mongolian literature, a translator of literature and a scholar in various areas of Mongolian studies, especially linguistics.
Like Dashdorjiin Natsagdorj, he was a direct descendant of Genghis Khan on both his father Radnajab and mother Dulmaa's side. His ancestors held the public office of golova (head) of a stepnaya duma (steppe council, local self-government unit) in the territory of future Buryatia and the hereditary title of Taisha (Genghisid prince) until 1822. They were members of the Yenshööbü-Songool tribe (a Buryaticized Khalkha tribe) and were descendants of Okhin Taij who had submitted to Peter I of Russia in 1696 after fleeing from Inner Mongolia. Okhin Taij was the grandson of Choghtu Khong Tayiji who was descended from Dayan Khan making him a descendant of Genghis Khan via Kublai Khan in the line of Tolui.
His father Radnajab Bimbaev (1874-1921) was an interpreter-translator of the Manchu language at Kyakhta frontier commissariat, later in the period of the Far Eastern Republic worked as a head of public education in Chikoy aimak (district) administration, author of Russian-Mongolian and Mongolian-Russian dictionaries.
Byambyn Rinchen was born in 1905 in Bol'shoy Lug place of Troitskosavsky uyezd (district), today the surroundings of Kyakhta, in the border zone of Russia and Mongolia (Kyakhta in Buryatia and Altanbulag sum in Selenge Province).
He mastered the Russian, Mongolian, and Manchu languages in the days of his childhood. In 1914 he started his studies in Alekseevsky non-classical secondary school (real'noe uchilishhe, Realschule), and graduated in 1920.
In early 1920s Kyakhta became the center of revolutionary activities of Damdin Sükhbaatar and Khorloogiin Choibalsan. On March 1–3, 1921 the first congress of the Mongolian People's Party (MPP) took place in Troitskosavsk, and B. Rinchen also participated as an interpreter.
At that time he also met Konstantin Rokossovsky, then the commander of the 35th Independent Cavalry Regiment of the Red Army.
In 1923-1924 B. Rinchen studied in a pedagogical school in Verkhneudinsk. In 1924 he was sent to Leningrad for studying, together with other Mongolian boys. He entered Leningrad Institute of Oriental Languages, studied under such well-known scholars-orientalists as Boris Vladimirtsov, Fyodor Shcherbatskoy, Sergey Oldenburg, Lev Shcherba, Vasily Bartold, Vasily Alekseev. After graduating in 1927, with the diploma of orientalist, B. Rinchen started working in scientific committee of Mongolia.
From the first steps in his research work he showed himself primarily as a philologist - linguist and literary critic. At the same time B. Rinchen showed interest in other fields of knowledge, in particular, ethnography and religious studies. During this period he wrote his first poems and short stories.
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