Bulgarian Workers' Party
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Bulgarian Communist Party
Българска Комунистическа Партия Bâlgarska Komunisticheska Partiya |
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| First leader | Dimitar Blagoev |
| Last leader | Alexander Lilov |
| Founded | 1919 |
| Dissolved | 3 April 1990 |
| Split from | Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party |
| Succeeded by | Bulgarian Socialist Party |
| Headquarters | Sofia |
| Newspaper | Rabotnichesko Delo |
| Youth wing | Workers Youth League |
| Armed wing | Military organisation of BCP |
| Ideology |
Communism Marxism–Leninism |
| European affiliation | Balkan Communist Federation (1921–1939) |
| International affiliation | Comintern (1919–1943), Cominform (1948–1956) |
| Colours | Red, White |
| Anthem | The Internationale |
The Bulgarian Communist Party (BCP) (Българска Комунистическа Партия, Bâlgarska Komunisticheska Partiya; БКП, BKP) was the Communist and Marxist-Leninist ruling party of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from 1946 until 1989 when the country ceased to be a communist state. The Bulgarian Communist Party had dominated the Fatherland Front coalition that took power in 1944, late in World War II, after it led a coup against Bulgaria's tsarist regime in conjunction with the Red Army's crossing the border. It controlled its armed forces, the Bulgarian People's Army.
The party was organized on the basis of democratic centralism a principle introduced by Marxist scholar Vladimir Lenin which entails democratic and open discussion on policy on the condition of unity in upholding the agreed upon policies. The highest body of the BCP was the Party Congress, convened every fifth year. When the Party Congress was not in session, the Central Committee was the highest body, but since the body meets normally only once a year, most duties and responsibilities are vested in the Politburo and its Standing Committee. The party's leader has held the offices of General Secretary.
BCP was committed to Marxism-Leninism, an ideology consisted of the writings of the German philosopher Karl Marx and Lenin that was introduced in 1929 by Joseph Stalin in which the industries in Bulgaria were nationalized and a planned economy was implemented. In the 1960s, the BCP announced some economic reforms, which allowed the free sale of production that exceeded planned amounts. After Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev took power in 1985, the BCP underwent political and economic liberalization which promptly liquidated the party and abolished the Bulgarian communist state completely.
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