Buginese language
| Buginese | |
|---|---|
| Basa Ugi / ᨅᨔ ᨕᨘᨁᨗ | |
| Region | South Sulawesi; enclaves elsewhere in Sulawesi, Borneo, Sumatra, Maluku, Papua |
| Ethnicity | Bugis people |
|
Native speakers
|
5 million (2000 census) L2 speakers: ca. 500,000 (1991–1999) |
|
Austronesian
|
|
|
Lontara, Latin |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-2 | |
| ISO 639-3 | |
| Glottolog | bugi1244 |
Buginese (Basa Ugi, elsewhere also Bahasa Bugis, Bugis, Bugi, De) is a language spoken by about five million people mainly in the southern part of Sulawesi, Indonesia.
The word Buginese derives from the word Bahasa Bugis in Malay. In Buginese, it is called Basa Ugi while the Bugis people are called To Ugi. Ugi is taken from the name to the first king of Cina, an ancient Bugis kingdom, La Sattumpugi. To Ugi basically means "the followers of La Sattumpugi".
Little is known about the early history of this language due to the lack of written records. The earliest written record of this language is Sureq Galigo, the epic creation myth of the Bugis people.
Another written source of Buginese is Lontara, a term which refers to the traditional script and historical record as well. The earliest historical record of Lontara dates to around the 17th century, and being influenced by myths, is not considered a reliable historical source.
Prior to the Dutch arrival in the 18th century, a missionary, B.F. Matthews, translated the Bible into Buginese, which made him the first European to acquire knowledge of the language. He was also one of the first Europeans to master Makassarese. The dictionaries and grammar books compiled by him, and the literature and folkfore texts he published, remain basic sources of information about both languages.
Upon colonization by the Dutch, a number of Bugis fled from their home area of South Sulawesi seeking a better life. This led to the existence of small groups of Buginese speakers throughout Maritime Southeast Asia.
Buginese is an ergative–absolutive language of the Austronesian language family, South Sulawesi branch. It has absorbed certain words from Malay and prestigious languages of the Sunda islands, such as anyarang 'horse', which is believed to come from the Javanese word janrang.
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Wikipedia