Bucareli Treaty

The Bucareli Treaty (Spanish: Tratado de Bucareli), signed on 1923, was an agreement that attempted to resolve important issues in Mexico–United States relations. It was officially called "Convención Especial de Reclamaciones" (English: Special Convention of Claims), for losses sustained by citizens or companies of the United States of America because of the Mexican Revolution.

The treaty sought to channel the demands of U.S. citizens for alleged damage to their property caused by internal wars of the Mexican Revolution during the period between 1910 and 1921. The meetings were held in Mexico City and were conducted in a federal government owned building located on #85 Avenida Bucareli (therefore the treaty nickname). Negotiations began on May 15, 1923 and ended on August 13 of that year. The treaty was signed by President Álvaro Obregón primarily to obtain diplomatic recognition from the U.S. government led by President Warren G. Harding, but were never formally approved by the congresses of both countries. The Bucareli Treaty was canceled shortly after by the President Plutarco Elías Calles.

The situation of Mexico in which the treaty was signed was marked by political instability and constant military revolts. Part of the relative weakness of government of Álvaro Obregón came from the fact that the United States had not recognized its post-revolutionary regime. The Constitution of 1917, with a strong socialist and nationalist influence, had hurt many U.S. interests, therefore, President Warren G. Harding refused to recognize the legitimacy of the government of President Álvaro Obregón, and also demanded the repeal of several articles of the Mexican Constitution of 1917 or at least that they be not applied to United States. For Obregón, recognition of his government by the United States was a priority, because that way avoided the constant threat of an armed conflict with that country (that barely nine years before, had invaded the port of Veracruz) and also weakened his internal enemies, who also sought the support of United States.

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