Bombardier INNOVIA Metro

Bombardier Innovia
A Rapid KL - Kelana Jaya Line Innovia Metro 300 train
Interior of Innovia Metro 300 for Vancouver SkyTrain - Expo Line
Manufacturer	Bombardier
Family name	Innovia
Formation	1–4 cars trainsets
Specifications
Width	2.65 m (8 ft 8 in)
Maximum speed	Design: 100 km/h (62 mph) Operation: 80 km/h (50 mph)
Electric system(s)	Third rail (Linear motor)
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) Standard gauge

Innovia Metro (stylized as INNOVIA Metro) is the current name given to an automated rapid transit system manufactured by Bombardier Transportation. Innovia Metro systems run on conventional metal rails and pull power from a third rail, but are powered by a linear induction motor that provides traction by pulling on a "fourth rail" placed between the running rails. A new version of the technology being marketed by Bombardier is compatible with standard electric rotary propulsion.

The design was originally developed in the 1970s by the Urban Transportation Development Corporation (UTDC), a Crown corporation owned by the government of Ontario, Canada. It was designed as a system that would provide economic rapid transit service in the suburbs, which would have ridership levels between what a bus could serve at the low-end, or a subway at the high-end. During development the system was known as the ICTS (Intermediate Capacity Transit System). Sales of the ICTS were made for metro lines in Vancouver, Toronto and Detroit. Further sales were not forthcoming and the Ontario government lost interest in the company, selling it to Lavalin of Quebec in 1986. Lavalin ran into serious financial difficulties and the UTDC returned to Ontario control, only to be immediately sold to Bombardier.

Bombardier used the name Advanced Rapid Transit (ART) after its acquisition of the technology. Bombardier has been much more active in developing and promoting this system, introducing a major new revision and winning several additional sales in New York City, Beijing, Kuala Lumpur and Yongin, near Seoul. The latest version of the technology is being marketed as the Innovia Metro, while previous models are retroactively branded as Innovia ART. The largest Innovia Metro system today is part of the Vancouver SkyTrain metro network, which has seen several major expansions over its lifetime, with several more being planned. It operates just under 50 km (31 mi) of track compatible with Innovia Metro trains. Vancouver was the first to order INNOVIA Metro 300 vehicles. Since then vehicle orders for the latest INNOVIA Metro technology has been made by transit authorities in Kuala Lumpur and Riyadh.