Boletaceae
| Boletaceae | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Cep, Boletus edulis | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Boletales |
| Family: |
Boletaceae Chevall. (1828) |
| Type genus | |
|
Boletus Fr. (1821) |
|
| Subfamilies | |
|
|
| Synonyms | |
|
Strobilomycetaceae E.-J.Gilbert (1931) |
|
Strobilomycetaceae E.-J.Gilbert (1931)
Octavianiaceae Locq. ex Pegler & T.W.K.Young (1979)
Boletellaceae Jülich (1981)
Chamonixiaceae Jülich (1981)
Xerocomaceae Pegler & T.W.K.Young (1981)
Hapalopilaceae Jülich (1982)
The Boletaceae are a family of mushrooms, primarily characterized by developing their spores in small pores on the underside of the mushroom, instead of gills, as are found in agarics. Nearly as widely distributed as agarics, they include the Cep or King Bolete (Boletus edulis), much sought after by mushroom hunters. As a whole, the typical members of the family are commonly known as boletes.
Boletes are a relatively safe group of mushrooms for human consumption, as none are known to be deadly to adults, and they are some of the most sought after fungi for mushroom hunting. They are especially suitable for novice mushroom hunters, since there is little danger of confusing them with deadly mushrooms, like various Amanita agarics, which are the most poisonous mushrooms in the world. Some boletes are toxic, but those are not easily confused with the most popular edible ones. Boletes are easily distinguished from agarics, and easily recognized for colour, pores and thick stems and caps.
Most species in Boletaceae produce large fleshy mushrooms with a central stipe. The spore print colours are commonly (yellowish-green), yellowish, brownish, or vinaceous (red-wine coloured). In many species, flesh that is bruised or cut will turn blue, a result of the oxidation of pulvinic acid derivatives, like variegatic, xerocomic, and atrotomentinic acid. The mushrooms usually have tubular hymenophores, although some species (like those in the genus Phylloporus) are lamellate.
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