Biosatellite 1
| Mission type | Bioscience |
|---|---|
| Operator | NASA |
| COSPAR ID | 1966-114A |
| SATCAT no. | 02632 |
| Mission duration | 30 days |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Manufacturer | ARC / General Electric |
| Launch mass | 950 kg (2,090 lb) |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 14 December 1966, 19:20:00 UTC |
| Rocket | Delta G 471/D43 |
| Launch site | Cape Canaveral LC-17A |
| End of mission | |
| Landing date | 15 February 1967 |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Low Earth |
| Eccentricity | 0.00105 |
| Perigee | 295 kilometers (183 mi) |
| Apogee | 309 kilometers (192 mi) |
| Inclination | 33.5º |
| Period | 90.5 minutes |
| Mission type | Bioscience |
|---|---|
| Operator | NASA |
| COSPAR ID | 1967-083B |
| SATCAT no. | 09236 |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Manufacturer | ARC / General Electric |
| Launch mass | 955 kilograms (2,105 lb) |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 7 September 1967, 22:04:00 UTC |
| Rocket | Delta G 475/D51 |
| Launch site | Cape Canaveral LC-17B |
| End of mission | |
| Landing date | 19 January 1968 |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Low Earth |
| Eccentricity | 0.00202 |
| Perigee | 286 kilometres (178 mi) |
| Apogee | 313 kilometres (194 mi) |
| Inclination | 33.5º |
| Period | 90.8 minutes |
| Mission type | Bioscience |
|---|---|
| Operator | NASA |
| COSPAR ID | 1969-056A |
| SATCAT no. | 04000 |
| Mission duration | 8.8 days |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Manufacturer | ARC / General Electric |
| Launch mass | 1,546 kilograms (3,408 lb) |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 22 June 1969, 22:04:00 UTC |
| Rocket | Delta N 539/D70 |
| Launch site | Cape Canaveral LC-17A |
| End of mission | |
| Landing date | 7 July 1969 |
| Landing site | Oahu, Hawaii, USA |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Low Earth |
| Eccentricity | 0.00144 |
| Perigee | 221 kilometers (137 mi) |
| Apogee | 240 kilometers (150 mi) |
| Inclination | 33.5º |
| Period | 92 minutes |
NASA launched three satellites named Biosatellite 1, 2 and 3 between 1966 and 1969.
NASA's Biosatellite program was a series of three satellites to assess the effects of spaceflight, especially radiation and weightlessness, on living organisms. Each was designed to reenter and be recovered at the end of its mission.
Its primary goal was that it intended to determine effects of space environment, particularly weightlessness, on life processes at three levels of organization: basic biochemistry of the cell; structure of growth of cells and tissues; and growth and form of entire plants and animals.
The Biosatellite 1, also known as abbreviated Biosat 1 and as Biosatellite A, was a first artificial satellite unmanned U.S. belonging to Biosatellite program for biological research. It was released on December 14, 1966 by a rocket Delta G from Launch Complex 17A of the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. The Biosatellite 1 was the first series Biosatellite satellites. It was released in an initial orbit of 296 km perigee 309 km apogee and 33.5 degrees of orbital inclination, with period 90.5 minutes.
The Biosatellite 1 was carrying several specimens for the study of the effects of the space environment on biological processes. The capsule was returning to land separated from the vehicle properly, but its rocket did not work, leaving it stranded in a slowly decaying orbit. It re-entered and disintregrated on February 15, 1967.
The Biosatellite 2, also known as abbreviated as Biosat 2 and as Biosatellite B, was a second artificial satellite unmanned U.S. belonging to Biosatellite program for biological research. It was released on September 7, 1967 by a rocket Delta G Launch Complex 17B of the Air Force from Cape Canaveral station.
The Biosatellite 2 carried thirteen Biological experiments involving insects, frog eggs, plants and microorganisms. The capsule returned ahead of time because of the tropical storm threat in the recovery area and communication problems between the capsule and ground stations. The main objective of the mission was to determine if the level of radiation sensitivity of living organisms in space is greater, or less than on land, for which disposed of a radiation source in front of the capsule.
The Biosatellite 3, also known as abbreviated Biosat 3 and as Biosatellite D, was a third artificial satellite unmanned U.S. belonging to Biosatellite program for biological research.
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