Berettyóújfalu
| Berettyóújfalu | ||
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Aerial view of ruins in the town
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 Berettyóújfalu
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| Coordinates: 47°13′N 21°33′E / 47.217°N 21.550°ECoordinates: 47°13′N 21°33′E / 47.217°N 21.550°E | ||
| Country |
 Hungary
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| County | Hajdú-Bihar | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 170.98 km2 (66.02 sq mi) | |
| Population (2014) | ||
| • Total | 15,221 | |
| • Density | 94/km2 (240/sq mi) | |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | |
| Postal code | 4100 | |
| Area code(s) | 54 | |
Berettyóújfalu is a town in Hajdú-Bihar county, in center of the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary. It is 40 km south from Debrecen (the second largest city in Hungary), and about 35 km from Oradea (Romania). Berettyóújfalu is named after the river Berettyó.
It covers an area of 170.98 km2 (66 sq mi) and has a population of 15,221 people (2014).
This area has been inhabited since ancient times. From the late Bronze Age artifacts found a lot of find in the town area. In the Iron Age one after the other Scythians, Sarmatians, Celts and Huns conquested this area.
After the Hungarian conquest (C.E. 9-10th century) 14-15 villages came to be in this area. In these settlements took place semi-nomad farming. The villages were built on the top of the hills, because this area was a huge swamp. People used boats to travel between the hills. Every settlement had one port, at least.
The center of the villages was named Herpály. The first written mention of the village was the Regestrum Varadi in the 13th century. Herpály was important because a Romanesque monastery (built in the 12th century). The village and the monastery was destroyed twice. No written records have survived about the monastery after the Mongol invasion of Europe (C.E. 1241-1242. in Hungary). But the first half of the 19th century the height of the walls was 8–12 meters (26–32 ft). Each of the two tower stood, until a local landowner demolished the north tower, because it was life-threatening. The bricks were offered to the base structure of the Reformed Church's organ. The ruin of the tower is called "csonkatorony" (lit. truncated tower) by the locals. The south tower and the funds visible today.
Herpály had four streets in 1418, according to degree possession of sharing. The village had three pubs: one had a guestroom, the others had cellars. The estimated number of villagers is fewer than 300 people.
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Wikipedia