Berchtesgaden
| Berchtesgaden | ||
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Berchtesgaden with view of the Watzmann
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 Berchtesgaden
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Location of Berchtesgaden within Berchtesgadener Land district
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| Coordinates: 47°37′53″N 13°0′15″E / 47.63139°N 13.00417°ECoordinates: 47°37′53″N 13°0′15″E / 47.63139°N 13.00417°E | ||
| Country | Germany | |
| State | Bavaria | |
| Admin. region | Oberbayern | |
| District | Berchtesgadener Land | |
| Government | ||
| • Mayor | Rudolf Schaupp (FW) | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 34.78 km2 (13.43 sq mi) | |
| Elevation | 700 m (2,300 ft) | |
| Population (2015-12-31) | ||
| • Total | 7,888 | |
| • Density | 230/km2 (590/sq mi) | |
| Time zone | CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) | |
| Postal codes | 83471 | |
| Dialling codes | +49 8652 | |
| Vehicle registration | BGL | |
| Website | berchtesgaden.de | |
Berchtesgaden (German pronunciation: [ˈbɛʁçtəsˌɡaːdən]) is a municipality in the German Bavarian Alps. It is located in the south district of Berchtesgadener Land in Bavaria, near the border with Austria, some 30 km south of Salzburg and 180 km southeast of Munich. To the south of the city the Berchtesgaden National Park stretches along three parallel valleys.
Berchtesgaden is often associated with the Watzmann, at 2,713 m the third-highest mountain in Germany (after Zugspitze and Hochwanner), which is renowned in the rock climbing community for its Ostwand (East Face), and a deep glacial lake by the name of Königssee (5.2 km²). Another notable peak is the Kehlstein mountain (1,835 m) with its Kehlsteinhaus (Eagle's Nest), which offers spectacular views to its visitors.
Berchtesgaden's neighbouring towns are Bischofswiesen, Marktschellenberg, Ramsau and Schönau am Königssee.
The municipality counts the following villages which are (Ortsteil): Am Etzerschlößl, Anzenbach, Hintergern, Metzenleiten, Mitterbach, Oberau, Obergern, Obersalzberg, Resten, Unterau, Untersalzberg I, Untersalzberg II and Vordergern.
Berchtesgaden, Upper Bavaria (Achental), earlier Perchterscadmen, Perhtersgadem, Berchirchsgadem, Berchtoldesgadem; the word underwent a Latin distortion of Old High German parach, Romance bareca 'hay shed'. After the basic meaning was forgotten, they added a variant word of Old High German gadem ‘room, one-room hut’, implying the same meaning: ‘hay shed’. Cf. Old High German muosgadem ‘spice room’. There was a folk etymology that supported a derivation based on the legendary figure of Mrs. (Frau) Perchta, Berchta, a woman (Holle < Holda ‘well disposed, dear’) with good and bad changing features, who was venerated on Perchtertag (= Three Kings Day) and at Shrovetide was sworn to during the Perchta procession.
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