Belweder

Belweder Palace Pałac Belwederski (Polish)
Belweder Palace (view from ulica Belwederska).
General information
Architectural style	Neoclassical
Town or city	Warsaw
Country	Poland
Construction started	1660
Completed	1819–1822
Client	Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac, Grand Duke Constantine, Józef Piłsudski
Design and construction
Architect	Jakub Kubicki (1819–1822)

Belweder (Polish pronunciation: [bɛlvɛdɛr]; in full Pałac Belwederski, Belweder Palace, from the Italian ) is a palace in Warsaw, near the Łazienki Park. It was used as an official residence by the Polish presidents.

The present building is the latest of several that stood on the site since 1660. Belweder once belonged to Poland's last king, Stanisław August Poniatowski, who used it as a porcelain-manufacturing plant. From 1818 it was the residence of Russian Grand Duke Constantine, who fled it at the beginning of the November 1830 Uprising.

After the re-establishment of Poland's independence following World War I, it was (with a hiatus, 1922–26) the residence of Marshal Józef Piłsudski, Chief of State (1918–22) and later (1926–35) Minister of Military Affairs of Poland, who died there in 1935. (During the May 1926 coup d'état, President Stanisław Wojciechowski had abandoned it ahead of Piłsudski's advancing forces.)

During World War II, the building was extensively remodeled for Hans Frank, Governor of the "General Government" of Poland. It remains one of the few original structures in Warsaw to survive World War II.

In 1945-1952 it was the residence of Bolesław Bierut, and later of the president of the Council of State. From 1989 to July 1994, it was the official residence of Poland's presidents (Wojciech Jaruzelski and Lech Wałęsa), but proved too small for that purpose. Later on president Bronisław Komorowski used it as his private residence.