Beijing Nanyuan Airport
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Beijing Nanyuan Airport 北京南苑机场 Běijīng Nányuàn Jīchǎng |
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| Summary | |||||||||||
| Airport type | Public / Military | ||||||||||
| Serves | Beijing | ||||||||||
| Location | Fengtai District | ||||||||||
| Hub for | China United Airlines | ||||||||||
| Coordinates | 39°46′57″N 116°23′16″E / 39.78250°N 116.38778°ECoordinates: 39°46′57″N 116°23′16″E / 39.78250°N 116.38778°E | ||||||||||
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 NAY
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| Beijing Nanyuan Airport | |||||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Běijīng Nányuàn Jīchǎng |
| Wade–Giles | Pei3ching1 Nan2yüan4 Chi1ch'ang3 |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | Bei3 jing1 Nan2 ywan4 Ji1 chang3 |
| Jyutping | Baak1 ging1 Naam4 jyun2 Gei1 coeng4 |
Beijing Nanyuan Airport (IATA: NAY, ICAO: ZBNY) is a military airbase that also serves as the secondary airport of Beijing. Located in Fengtai District, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south of the Fourth Ring Road and 13 km (8.1 mi) from Tiananmen Square, Nanyuan Airport was first opened in 1910, making it the oldest airport in China. It is the main hub of China United Airlines.
In 1904, two French light aircrafts performed air shows above the Nanyuan training ground. This is the first time aircrafts, as a symbol of modern science and technology, took off and landed in China.
In August 1910, the Qing government began to establish air transportation in China, and built a factory in Nanyuan to experiment with manufacturing aircrafts. The government also built rudimentary runways in Nanyuan's YiJun training ground. Therefore, Nanyuan airport has become the first airport in China. After the Xinhai Revolution in 1913, Yuan Shikai, who followed suggestions from the French advisers, established the first official flying academy in China: Nanyuan Flying Academy, and purchased 10 French Caudron trainer aircrafts for 300,000 silver dollars. After the Second Zhili-Fengtian War, the academy was closed. However, the more than 100 pilots that trained in the academy over 4 terms have played important roles in China's aviation history. Later on, some of them has become key persons in civil aviation.
During the Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese Army extended the airport, upgraded its air traffic control facilities, and changed the name to Nanyuan military camp. After the Surrender of Japan in 1945, Nanyuan Airport has become one of the most important airports for the Nationalist government and its air force. The private planes of Chiang Kai-shek and Fu Zuoyi have taken off from the Nanyuan Airport; many of Kuomintang's important military and government personnels have also boarded flights from Nanyuan. There was also an aviation accident happened at the airport in 1945.
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Wikipedia