Behenic acid

Behenic acid
Names

IUPAC name Docosanoic acid
Other names Behenic acid, Docosanoic acid; 1-Docosanoic acid; n-Docosanoic acid, n-Docosanoate, Glycon B-70, Hydrofol Acid 560, Hydrofol 2022-55, Hystrene 5522, Hystrene 9022, Prifrac 2989, C22:0 (Lipid numbers)
Identifiers
CAS Number	112-85-6^Y
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:28941^Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1173474^Y
ChemSpider	7923^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.003.646
EC Number	204-010-8
KEGG	C08281^Y
PubChem	8215
UNII	H390488X0A^Y
InChI InChI=1S/C22H44O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22(23)24/h2-21H2,1H3,(H,23,24)^Y Key: UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N^Y InChI=1/C22H44O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22(23)24/h2-21H2,1H3,(H,23,24) Key: UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYAN
SMILES O=C(O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
Properties
Chemical formula	C₂₂H₄₄O₂
Molar mass	340.59 g·mol⁻¹
Appearance	White to yellowish crystals or powder
Melting point	80.0 °C (176.0 °F; 353.1 K)
Boiling point	306 °C (583 °F; 579 K)
Hazards
NFPA 704	1 1 0
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Y (what is ^YN ?)
Infobox references

Behenic acid (also docosanoic acid) is a carboxylic acid, the saturated fatty acid with formula C₂₁H₄₃COOH. In appearance, it consists of white to cream color crystals or powder with a melting point of 80 °C and boiling point of 306 °C.

At 9%, it is a major component of Ben oil (or behen oil), which is extracted from the seeds of the Ben-oil tree (Moringa oleifera). It is so named from the Persian month Bahman, when the roots of this tree were harvested.

Behenic acid is also present in some other oils and oil-bearing plants, including rapeseed (canola) and peanut oil and skins. It is estimated that one ton of peanut skins contains 13 pounds (5.9 kg) of behenic acid.

As a dietary oil, behenic acid is poorly absorbed. In spite of its low bioavailability compared with oleic acid, behenic acid is a cholesterol-raising saturated fatty acid in humans.

Commercially, behenic acid is often used to give hair conditioners and moisturizers their smoothing properties. It is also used in lubricating oils, and as a solvent evaporation retarder in paint removers. Its amide is used as an anti-foaming agent in detergents, floor polishes and dripless candles. Reduction of behenic acid yields behenyl alcohol.

Pracaxi oil (from the seeds of Pentaclethra macroloba) is a natural product with one of the highest concentrations of behenic acid, and is used in hair conditioners.

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