Battle of Yangping
| Battle of Yangping | |||||||
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| Part of the wars at the end of the Han dynasty | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
| Cao Cao | Zhang Lu | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Cao Cao | Zhang Lu 
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| Battle of Yangping | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 陽平之戰 | ||||||
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| Simplified Chinese | 阳平之战 | ||||||
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| Battle of Yangping Pass | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 陽平關之戰 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 阳平关之战 | ||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Yángpíng Zhī Zhàn |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Yángpíngguān Zhī Zhàn |
The Battle of Yangping, also known as the Battle of Yangping Pass, was fought between the warlords Cao Cao and Zhang Lu in 215 CE during the late Eastern Han dynasty. The battle concluded with a victory for Cao Cao.
In the third lunar month of 215, Cao Cao launched a campaign against Zhang Lu in Hanzhong commandery. When Cao Cao's army arrived at Chencang (陳倉; present-day Chencang District, Baoji, Shaanxi) and was about to pass through Wudu (武都; around present-day Longnan, Gansu), the Di tribes in the area blocked their path, so Cao sent Zhang He, Zhu Ling and others to attack the Di and clear the way. In the fourth month, Cao Cao's army passed through San Pass (散關) and arrived at Hechi (河池). The Di king, Dou Mao (竇茂), led thousands of tribesmen to resist Cao Cao, but Cao defeated them by the following month and he massacred the Di population. Qu Yan (麴演), Jiang Shi (蔣石) and other generals from Xiping (西平) and Jincheng (金城) killed Han Sui and sent his head to Cao Cao.
In the seventh month, Cao Cao's forces reached Yangping Pass (陽平關; in present-day Ningqiang County, Hanzhong, Shaanxi) after making a long and arduous journey through mountainous terrain. When his soldiers started complaining, Cao Cao announced that he would remember them for their contributions to encourage them to move on.
Zhang Lu ordered his younger brother Zhang Wei and officer Yang Ang to lead troops to defend the pass. Zhang Wei and Yang Ang had defensive structures built in the mountainous areas, spanning over 10 li, to deter Cao Cao's advances. Cao Cao was unable to overcome the enemy after launching assaults so he withdrew his forces. Zhang Lu's men lowered their defences when they saw Cao Cao retreating. Cao Cao gave secret orders to Xie Biao (解忄剽) and Gao Zuo (高祚) to lead a sneak attack on the enemy at night and they achieved success. Yang Ang was killed in action while Zhang Wei fled under the cover of night.
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Wikipedia