Battle of Oak Grove

Battle of Oak Grove
Part of the American Civil War
Old Tavern area
Date June 25, 1862 (1862-06-25) Location Henrico County, Virginia 37°30′55″N 77°19′45″W / 37.5154°N 77.3292°W / 37.5154; -77.3292Coordinates: 37°30′55″N 77°19′45″W / 37.5154°N 77.3292°W / 37.5154; -77.3292 Result Inconclusive
Belligerents
United States (Union)	CSA (Confederacy)
Commanders and leaders
George B. McClellan Samuel P. Heintzelman	Robert E. Lee Benjamin Huger
Units involved
III Corps (Army of the Potomac)	Huger's Division (Army of Northern Virginia)
Strength
3 Brigades	1 Division
Casualties and losses
626 total 68 killed 503 wounded 55 missing	441 total 66 killed 362 wounded 13 missing

The Battle of Oak Grove, also known as the Battle of French's Field or King's School House, took place on June 25, 1862, in Henrico County, Virginia, the first of the Seven Days Battles (Peninsula Campaign) of the American Civil War. Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan advanced his lines with the objective of bringing Richmond within range of his siege guns. Two Union divisions of the III Corps attacked across the headwaters of White Oak Swamp, but were repulsed by Maj. Gen. Benjamin Huger's Confederate division. McClellan, who was 3 miles (4.8 km) in the rear, initially telegraphed to call off the attack, but ordered another attack over the same ground when he arrived at the front. Darkness halted the fighting. Union troops gained only 600 yards (550 m), at a cost of over a thousand casualties on both sides.

Following the stalemate at the Battle of Seven Pines on May 31 and June 1, 1862, McClellan's Army of the Potomac sat passively in their positions around the eastern outskirts of Richmond. The new commander of the Army of Northern Virginia, General Robert E. Lee, used the following three and a half weeks to reorganize his army, extend his defensive lines, and plan offensive operations against McClellan's larger army. McClellan received intelligence that Lee was prepared to move and that the arrival of Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's force from the Shenandoah Valley was imminent.

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