Barium sulfate suspension
3D model of barium sulfate
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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Multum Consumer Information |
| Routes of administration |
by mouth, rectal |
| ATC code | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | |
| PubChem CID | |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | BaSO4 |
| Molar mass | 233.3896 |
Barium sulfate suspension, often simply called barium, is a contrast agent used during X-rays. Specifically it is used to improve visualization of the gastrointestinal tract (esophagus, stomach, intestines) on plain X-ray or computed tomography. It is taken by mouth or used rectally.
Side effects include constipation, diarrhea, appendicitis, and if inhaled inflammation of the lungs. It is not recommended in people with intestinal perforation or bowel obstruction.Allergic reactions are rare. The use of barium during pregnancy is safe for the baby; however, X-rays may result in harm. Barium sulfate suspension is typically made by mixing barium sulfate powder with water. It is a non-iodinated contrast media.
Barium sulfate has been known since the Middle Ages. In the United States it had come into common medical use by 1910. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. The wholesale cost in the developing world is about 37.80 to 79.33 USD per kilogram. In the United States a course of treatment is not very expensive. Some versions contain flavors to try to make it taste better.
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