BTN1A1

BTN1A1
Identifiers
Aliases	BTN1A1, BT, BTN, BTN1, butyrophilin subfamily 1 member A1
External IDs	MGI: 103118 HomoloGene: 1312 GeneCards: BTN1A1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 6 (human) Band 6p22.2 Start 26,501,221 bp End 26,510,422 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 13 (mouse) Band 13 A3.1|13 9.72 cM Start 23,456,992 bp End 23,465,901 bp
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	696	12231
Ensembl	ENSG00000124557	ENSMUSG00000000706
UniProt	Q13410	Q62556
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001732	NM_013483
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001723	NP_038511
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 26.5 – 26.51 Mb	Chr 6: 23.46 – 23.47 Mb
PubMed search

696

12231

ENSG00000124557

ENSMUSG00000000706

Q13410

Q62556

NM_001732

NM_013483

NP_001723

NP_038511

Butyrophilin subfamily 1 member A1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BTN1A1 gene.

Butyrophilin (BTN) is the major protein associated with fat droplets in the milk. It is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. It may have a cell surface receptor function. The human butyrophilin gene is localized in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I region of 6p and may have arisen relatively recently in evolution by the shuffling of exons between 2 ancestral gene families

Btn1a1 regulates the amount of lipids and size of droplets expressed in milk. When the gene is compromised in laboratory mice, approximately half the pups died within the first 20 days and the remainder were significantly under-weight.

Butyrophilin has been presented as a potential antigen which may be similar enough to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) to spur the immune system to attack myelin in a process known as molecular or epitopic mimicry. This suggests that ingestion of butyrophilin in dairy products from cows and goats may be a potential trigger for multiple sclerosis. Independent studies by a group in Germany have reached similar conclusions.

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Wikipedia