Bühnendeutsch

Stage German (German: Bühnendeutsch, pronounced [ˈbyːnənˌdɔʏ̯t͡ʃ] or Bühnenaussprache [ˈbyːnənˌʔaʊ̯sʃpʁaːxə], English: stage pronunciation) is a unified German set of pronunciation rules for the German literary language used in the theater of the German-speaking countries, which was established in the 19th century. Stage German is mostly based on the Northern Standard German phonology, and won a great reputation as a pure High German during that century. An example of this is the pronunciation of the suffix -ig pronounced like [ɪç].

Until 1957, only two pronunciations were allowed: an alveolar trill [r] and an alveolar tap [ɾ]. After 1957, a uvular trill [ʀ] was also allowed. A voiced uvular fricative [ʁ], used extensively in contemporary Standard German, is not allowed. Therefore, e.g. rot 'red' can be pronounced [roːt], [ɾoːt] and [ʀoːt], but not [ʁoːt].

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