Avram Iancu, Bihor
| Avram Iancu | |
|---|---|
| Commune | |
The Church in Avram Iancu
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 Commune Avram Iancu within Bihor County |
|
 Avram Iancu
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| Coordinates: 46°40′10″N 21°31′27″E / 46.66944°N 21.52417°E | |
| Country |
 Romania
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| County | Bihor County |
| Commune | Avram Iancu |
| Historic region | Transylvania |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Traian Micle (National Liberal Party) |
| Area | 82,16 km2 (3,172 sq mi) |
| Population (2002) | 3,317 |
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) |
| • Summer (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) |
Avram Iancu (until 1932 Chemenfoc, from 1932 to 1954 Regina Maria, from 1954 to 1956 Crişana; German: Kemmen; Hungarian: Keményfok) is a commune in Bihor county, in the western part of Transylvania, Romania. The commune is composed of three villages: Ant (Ant), Avram Iancu and Tămașda (Tamáshida). The majority of the population (96%) in Avram Iancu village is Romanian. Overall, the commune is 74.7% Romanian, 15.6% Roma and 9.6% Hungarian. The architecture of the commune is typical for a Romanian field village: the main street traverses the village, houses being equally distributed along it.
Geographically, it is situated at the border of Bihor County with Arad County, and Hungary, at exactly the same distance (60 km) from the capital cities of the two counties, Oradea and Arad. The commune is crossed by the European road E671. The nearest city is Salonta, at 18 km.
The first official documentation of human settlement in the area dates back to 1169. The document mentions a very small village called Villa Tamasd, which in fact is the village Tămaşda, a component of the today commune. In the early 1600 the establishment was destroyed being caught in a battle between the Turkish and Hungarian armies. In 1700 the establishment and its surroundings were transformed in a fiefdom for a Hungarian noble. The today's village of Avram Iancu was founded, in the early 1900, by the Romanian colonists which came from the eastern region of Bihor county. They received here land from the King Ferdinand I of Romania the village being named Regina Maria after Ferdinand's wife Queen Marie. In 1956, under the Communist regime, it was renamed after the 1848 Revolution Romanian hero Avram Iancu.
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