The Australian Railways Union was an Australian trade union representing railway workers, in existence from 1920 to 1993.
It was formed in September 1920 through the amalgamation of state-based unions in Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. It was federally registered as a union on 8 February 1921. It merged with three other public transport unions in 1993 to form the Australian Rail Tram and Bus Industry Union.