Aunt Molly Jackson

Aunt Molly Jackson (1880 – September 1, 1960) was an influential American folk singer and a union activist. Her full name was Mary Magdalene Garland Stewart Jackson Stamos.

Jackson was born in Clay County, Kentucky as the daughter of Oliver Perry Garland and Deborah Robinson. In 1883, her father opened a store in Laurel County selling groceries to miners on credit. When the miners failed to make their payments, he was forced to close it two years later to go to work in the coal mines. Her mother died of tuberculosis when she was six years old. Because her family were involved in union activities, Jackson was thrown in jail at the age of ten. She began learning songs from her great-grandmother, Nancy MacMahan, at an early age.

In 1894, she married the miner Jim Stewart. She bore two children. For the next decade, she worked as a nurse in Clay County before moving to Harlan County in 1908 and a job as a midwife delivering 884 babies. Her husband was killed in a mine accident in 1917 and shortly afterwards, she married the miner Bill Jackson. Tragedies struck her family when her father and a brother were blinded in another mine accident. She became a member of the United Mine Workers and began writing protest songs like "I Am A Union Woman", "Kentucky Miner's Wife", and "Poor Miner's Farewell". When Jackson was jailed because of her unionizing activities, her husband was forced to divorce her in order to keep his mining job.

She was discovered in November 1931 by the Dreiser Committee, investigating the Harlan County War and workers' living conditions when she spoke and sang her song "Ragged, Hungry Blues" in front of the committee. In December 1931, Jackson traveled to New York City to support and raise money for striking Harlan coal miners, at one point appearing before an estimated crowd of 21,000 at the Bronx Coliseum. Jackson made her recording debut on December 10, 1931. For the next year, she performed in various cities in the north. She stayed in New York for much of that decade and was a part of the Greenwich Village folk revival, singing for Alan Lomax at the Library of Congress, and influencing folk singers from Woody Guthrie to Pete Seeger.

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