Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
| Augustus of Brunswick-Lüneburg | |
|---|---|
Augustus of Brunswick-Lüneburg in 1666
|
|
| Spouse(s) |
Clara Maria of Pomerania-Barth Dorothea of Anhalt-Zerbst Elisabeth Sophie of Mecklenburg |
| Issue | |
| Noble family | House of Guelph |
| Father | Henry, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg |
| Mother | Ursula of Saxe-Lauenburg |
| Born |
10 April 1579 Dannenberg |
| Died | 17 September 1666 (aged 87) Wolfenbüttel |
Augustus of Brunswick-Lüneburg (10 April 1579 – 17 September 1666), called the Younger, was duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. In the estate division of the House of Welf of 1635, he received the Principality of Wolfenbüttel.
Augustus was born in Dannenberg, the seventh child of Henry, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. After complicated negotiations with his family members and an intervention by Emperor Ferdinand II, it was agreed that he should inherit Wolfenbüttel, whose last ruler had died in 1634. Because of the Thirty Years' War, he could not move into his residence until 1644. Augustus instituted a number of government reforms, and founded the Bibliotheca Augusta, a large library, in Wolfenbüttel (now the Herzog August Bibliothek — "HAB").
Under the pseudonym Gustavus Selenus, he wrote a book on chess in 1616, Chess or the King's Game, and on cryptography in 1624: Cryptomenytices et Cryptographiae libri IX. The pseudonym is a cryptic reference to his name, Gustavus anagrams (with U=V) to Augustus, the surname is a play on the Greek goddess of the moon (Selene). The book on cryptography is largely based on earlier work by Trithemius.
Augustus died at Wolfenbüttel and was succeeded by his three sons.
On December 1607 he married Clara Maria of Pomerania-Barth, daughter of Bogislaw XIII, Duke of Pomerania and had two stillborn children. Clara Maria died on February 1623.
On October 1623 he married Dorothea of Anhalt-Zerbst, daughter of Rudolph, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst and had the following children:
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