Auguste Marie Fabre
| Auguste Marie Fabre | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born |
5 February 1839 Uzès, Gard, France |
| Died | 26 December 1922 (aged 83) Geneva, Switzerland |
| Nationality | French |
| Occupation | Manufacturer, mechanic |
| Known for | Cooperative movement |
Auguste Marie Fabre (5 February 1839 – 26 December 1922) was a French industrialist. He had utopian ideas and was involved in various cooperative experiments. He was the author of the 1896 booklet Les Sky Scratchers in which he extolled modern technological developments.
Auguste Marie Fabre was born in Uzès, Gard on 5 February 1839. He was the son of a preacher and Fourierist. His parents died when he was young, and he was brought up by a foster family near Nîmes. He became an admirer of Charles Fourier from reading the books from his father's library. Fabre inherited a silk factory in Uzès, which he reopened. In the late 1860s he subscribed to the Fourierist journal La Science sociale. He began to correspond with Jean-Baptiste André Godin, founder of the Familistère de Guise, from 1868. He was enthusiastic about America, which he planned to visit, but the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 prevented the trip.
Fabre realized that his company, like the other silk factories in the Uzès region, could not fight competition from Lyon. He closed the factory and moved to Nîmes in the early 1870s where he worked as a mechanic in a farm equipment factory. Fabre established a workers club in 1876 called La Solidarité, with about fifteen members. They met and discussed social issues, and the better educated taught the others to read and write. In 1878 he founded a workers' consumers cooperative, also called La Solidarité, with about thirty members. He also opened La Renaissance, a cooperative bakery.
In 1879 Fabre was asked by Godin to help administer the Fourierist cooperative Familistère (Social Palace) in Guise. He probably reach Guise in the summer of 1880 and left after March 1881, but remained in contact with the Familistère afterwards. After returning to Nîmes he devoted most of his energy to the cooperative movement. He worked with Éduard de Boyve, founder of the Abeille Nîmoise cooperative in 1884, and with the economist Charles Gide (1847–1932). These three Protestant men founded the French cooperative movement that came to be called the École de Nîmes. The Sociétés Coopératives de Consommation de France held its first national congress in Paris on 27 July 1885. The journal l'Émancipation was launched at this meeting, and first appeared on 15 November 1886 in Nîmes. Gide, de Boyve and Fabre all contributed to the journal.
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