Arthus reaction

Arthus reaction
Classification and external resources
Specialty	emergency medicine
ICD-10	T78.4
ICD-9-CM	995.21
DiseasesDB	33220
MeSH	D001183
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In immunology, the Arthus reaction (/ˌɑːrˈtuːs/, /ˌɑːrˈtjuːs/) is a type of local type III hypersensitivity reaction. Type III hypersensitivity reactions are immune complex-mediated, and involve the deposition of antigen/antibody complexes mainly in the vascular walls, serosa (pleura, pericardium, synovium), and glomeruli. This reaction is usually encountered in experimental settings following the injection of antigens.

The Arthus reaction was discovered by Nicolas Maurice Arthus in 1903. Arthus repeatedly injected horse serum subcutaneously into rabbits. After four injections, he found that there was edema and that the serum was absorbed slowly. Further injections eventually led to gangrene.

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