Arthur Schuster
| Sir Arthur Schuster | |
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| Born | Franz Arthur Friedrich Schuster 12 September 1851 Frankfurt am Main, German Confederation |
| Died | 17 October 1934 (aged 83) Yeldall Manor, Berkshire, England |
| Academic advisors | Wilhelm Eduard Weber |
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Sir Franz Arthur Friedrich Schuster FRSFRSE (12 September 1851 – 17 October 1934) was a German-born British physicist known for his work in spectroscopy, electrochemistry, optics, X-radiography and the application of harmonic analysis to physics. Schuster's Integral is named after him. He contributed to making the University of Manchester a centre for the study of physics.
Arthur Schuster was born in Frankfurt am Main, Germany into a family of merchants and bankers.
Schuster's parents were married in 1849, converted from Judaism to Christianity, and brought up their children in that faith. In 1869, his father moved to Manchester where the family textile business was based. Arthur, who had been to school in Frankfurt and was studying in Geneva, joined his parents in 1870 and he and the other children became British citizens in 1875. Edgar Schuster (1897–1969) was his nephew.
From his childhood, Schuster had been interested in science and after working for a year for Schuster Brothers he persuaded his father to let him study at Owens College. He studied mathematics under Thomas Barker and physics under Balfour Stewart, and began research with Henry Roscoe on the spectra of hydrogen and nitrogen. He spent a year with Gustav Kirchhoff at the University of Heidelberg, and having gained his PhD, returned to Owens as an unpaid demonstrator in physics. Schuster later used his family's wealth to buy material and equipment and to endow readerships in mathematical physics at Manchester and meteorology at the University of Cambridge. He also contributed to the Royal Society and the International Union for Co-operation in Solar Research.
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