Arthur Grenfell Clarke

Arthur Grenfell Clarke (歧樂嘉) CMG was a government official in Hong Kong who rose to hold the position of Financial Secretary from 1952 to 1961. He was the first of three successive financial secretaries whose support for free market economic policies helped turn postwar Hong Kong into a thriving economy.

Clarke came to Hong Kong in 1930. From 1940 to 1941, in the period up to the Japanese invasion, he was Commissioner of War Taxation.

After the war, he became Deputy Financial Secretary, holding the post from 1945 to 1951. He then took over as Financial Secretary when his predecessor, Sir Geoffrey Follows, retired at the end of 1951.

Clarke oversaw Hong Kong's finances during a period of dramatic economic growth, and an expansion of the reach of government, which had hitherto had a skeletal role in the lives of most Hong Kong residents. Nevertheless, like most of his predecessors and successors, his principles were that the government should exercise minimal intervention in the practical economic activity of the territory.

He held the post of Financial Secretary during the 1953 Shek Kip Mei fire, which led to the government's rapid introduction of a public housing programme: within three years some 200,000 people were so accommodated. Public spending increased from HK$285 million in 1952, when Clarke took up the post, to $1,072 million in 1961 when he left. Nevertheless, taxes were not raised, with the standard rate kept at 12.5 percent throughout his tenure, yet the government's finances were consistently in surplus as a result of Hong Kong's growing economy. Indeed, the territory's reserves increased from $219 million to $412 million under his stewardship.

Like his two successors, Clarke tried unsuccessfully to introduce a normal (full, schedular) income tax.

In 1961, he raised property tax from 6.25 percent to 12.5 percent, following a failed attempt seven years earlier, under opposition from the Chinese business community.

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