Archaeoglobus
| Archaeoglobus | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Archaea |
| Phylum: | Euryarchaeota |
| Class: | Archaeoglobi |
| Order: | Archaeoglobales |
| Family: | Archaeoglobaceae |
| Genus: | Archaeoglobus |
| Binomial name | |
|
Archaeoglobus 1988 |
|
| Species | |
|
A. fulgidus Stetter et al., 1988 |
|
A. fulgidus Stetter et al., 1988
A. lithotrophicus
A. infectus Mori et al. 2008
A. profundus Burggraf et al., 1990
A. veneficus Huber et al. 1998
Archaeoglobus is a genus of the phylum Euryarchaeota.Archaeoglobus can be found in high-temperature oil fields where they may contribute to oil field souring.
Archaeoglobus grow anaerobically at extremely high temperatures between 60 and 95 °C, with optimal growth at 83 °C (ssp. A. fulgidus VC-16). They are sulfate-reducing archaea, coupling the reduction of sulfate to sulfide with the oxidation of many different organic carbon sources, including complex polymers.
A. lithotrophicus live chemolitho-autotrophically from hydrogen, sulfate and carbon dioxide. Also A. profundus grow lithotrophically, but while this species needs acetate and CO2 for biosynthesis they are heterotroph.
The complete A. fulgidus genome sequence revealed the presence of a nearly complete set of genes for methanogenesis. The function of these genes in A. fulgidus remains unknown, while the lack of the enzyme methyl-CoM reductase does not allow for methanogenesis to occur by a mechanism similar to that found in other methanogens.
Archaeoglobus members are hyperthermophiles that can be found in hydrothermal vents, oil deposits, and hot springs. They can produce biofilm when subjected to environmental stresses such as extreme pH or temperature, high concentrations of metal, or the addition of antibiotics, xenobiotics, or oxygen. These archaeons are known to cause the corrosion of iron and steel in oil and gas processing systems by producing iron sulphide. Their biofilms, however, may have industrial or research applications in the form of detoxifying metal contaminated samples or to gather metals in an economically recoverable form.
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